Learning Pseudo-Relations for Cross-domain Semantic Segmentation

Dong Zhao, Shuang Wang, Qi Zang, Dou Quan, Xiutiao Ye, Rui Yang, Licheng Jiao; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2023, pp. 19191-19203

Domain adaptive semantic segmentation aims to adapt a model trained on labeled source domain to the unlabeled target domain. Self-training shows competitive potential in this field. Existing methods along this stream mainly focus on selecting reliable predictions on target data as pseudo-labels for category learning, while ignoring the useful relations between pixels for relation learning. In this paper, we propose a pseudo-relation learning framework, Relation Teacher (RTea), which can exploitable pixel relations to efficiently use unreliable pixels and learn generalized representations. In this framework, we build reasonable pseudo-relations on local grids and fuse them with low-level relations in the image space, which are motivated by the reliable local relations prior and available low-level relations prior. Then, we design a pseudo-relation learning strategy and optimize the class probability to meet the relation consistency by finding the optimal sub-graph division. In this way, the model's certainty and consistency of prediction are enhanced on the target domain, and the cross-domain inadaptation is further eliminated. Extensive experiments on three datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.