%PDF-1.3 1 0 obj << /Kids [ 3 0 R 4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R ] /Type /Pages /Count 10 >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Title (VLAD3\072 Encoding Dynamics of Deep Features for Action Recognition) /Producer (PyPDF2) /Author (Yingwei Li\054 Weixin Li\054 Vijay Mahadevan\054 Nuno Vasconcelos) /Subject (2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 14 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /x8 15 0 R /x6 18 0 R /x12 21 0 R /x10 24 0 R >> /ExtGState << /s9 27 0 R /s11 30 0 R /a0 << /CA 1 /ca 1 >> /s5 33 0 R /s7 36 0 R /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R29 40 0 R /F2 44 0 R /F1 45 0 R /R39 46 0 R /R37 49 0 R /R35 53 0 R /R33 56 0 R /R27 60 0 R /R31 63 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 67 0 R 68 0 R 69 0 R 70 0 R 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R ] >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 83 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R61 84 0 R /R60 85 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R29 40 0 R /R37 49 0 R /F1 86 0 R /F2 87 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] >> /Group 88 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R 101 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 102 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R29 40 0 R /R37 49 0 R /F1 103 0 R /F2 104 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 105 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R 108 0 R 109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R 112 0 R 113 0 R 114 0 R 115 0 R 116 0 R 117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R 120 0 R 121 0 R 122 0 R 123 0 R 124 0 R 125 0 R 126 0 R 127 0 R 128 0 R ] >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 129 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R108 130 0 R /R118 135 0 R /R112 140 0 R /R110 144 0 R /R116 148 0 R /F2 152 0 R /R114 153 0 R /F1 157 0 R /R29 40 0 R /R126 158 0 R /R124 161 0 R /R122 166 0 R /R120 169 0 R /R37 49 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 174 0 R 175 0 R 176 0 R 177 0 R 178 0 R 179 0 R 180 0 R 181 0 R 182 0 R 183 0 R 184 0 R ] >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 185 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R149 186 0 R /R147 191 0 R /F2 195 0 R /R124 161 0 R /R120 169 0 R /R145 196 0 R /R108 130 0 R /R118 135 0 R /R141 199 0 R /R143 203 0 R /R112 140 0 R /R110 144 0 R /R116 148 0 R /R114 153 0 R /R29 40 0 R /F1 206 0 R /R37 49 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R ] >> endobj 8 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 215 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /F2 216 0 R /R118 135 0 R /R112 140 0 R /R110 144 0 R /R116 148 0 R /R114 153 0 R /R29 40 0 R /F1 217 0 R /R120 169 0 R /R37 49 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R 234 0 R 235 0 R 236 0 R 237 0 R 238 0 R 239 0 R 240 0 R 241 0 R 242 0 R 243 0 R ] >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 244 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /F2 245 0 R /R118 135 0 R /R201 246 0 R /R197 250 0 R /R112 140 0 R /R149 186 0 R /R110 144 0 R /R199 255 0 R /R116 148 0 R /R114 153 0 R /R29 40 0 R /F1 259 0 R /R120 169 0 R /R37 49 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 260 0 R 261 0 R 262 0 R 263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R 266 0 R 267 0 R 268 0 R ] >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 269 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R265 270 0 R /R118 135 0 R /F1 308 0 R /R116 148 0 R /F2 309 0 R /R231 310 0 R /R29 40 0 R /R279 328 0 R /R278 332 0 R /R37 49 0 R /R271 334 0 R /R277 337 0 R /R276 340 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 342 0 R 343 0 R 344 0 R 345 0 R 346 0 R 347 0 R 348 0 R 349 0 R 350 0 R 351 0 R 352 0 R 353 0 R 354 0 R ] >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 355 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R29 40 0 R /R37 49 0 R /F1 356 0 R /F2 357 0 R /R27 60 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 358 0 R 359 0 R 360 0 R 361 0 R 362 0 R 363 0 R 364 0 R 365 0 R 366 0 R 367 0 R 368 0 R 369 0 R 370 0 R 371 0 R 372 0 R 373 0 R 374 0 R 375 0 R 376 0 R 377 0 R 378 0 R 379 0 R 380 0 R 381 0 R 382 0 R 383 0 R 384 0 R 385 0 R 386 0 R 387 0 R 388 0 R 389 0 R 390 0 R 391 0 R 392 0 R 393 0 R 394 0 R 395 0 R 396 0 R 397 0 R 398 0 R 399 0 R 400 0 R 401 0 R 402 0 R 403 0 R 404 0 R 405 0 R 406 0 R 407 0 R 408 0 R 409 0 R ] >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 410 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R26 39 0 R >> /Font << /R29 40 0 R /R37 49 0 R /F1 411 0 R /F2 412 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 413 0 R 414 0 R 415 0 R 416 0 R 417 0 R 418 0 R 419 0 R 420 0 R 421 0 R 422 0 R 423 0 R 424 0 R ] >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Length 22757 >> stream q q q 0.10000 0 0 0.10000 0 0 cm /R26 gs 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R27 14.34620 Tf 1 0 0 1 84.14300 675.06700 Tm (VLAD) Tj /R27 9.96260 Tf 40.64220 5.20586 Td (3) Tj /R27 14.34620 Tf 5.47969 -5.20586 Td [ (\072) -310 (Encoding) -249.99800 (Dynamics) -250.00300 (of) -250.01200 (Deep) -250.00800 (F) 24.98890 (eatur) 17.99120 (es) -250.01200 (f) 24.99230 (or) -249.99500 (Action) -249.99800 (Recognition) ] TJ /R29 11.95520 Tf -32.92890 -37.85820 Td [ (Y) 54.99150 (ingwei) -250 (Li) ] TJ /R31 7.97010 Tf 54.13320 4.33906 Td [ (y) -0.19911 ] TJ /R29 11.95520 Tf 44.25470 -4.33906 Td [ (W) 80 (eixin) -250.00200 (Li) ] TJ /R31 7.97010 Tf 47.85630 4.33906 Td [ (y) -0.19911 ] TJ -158.29600 -14.05820 Td [ (y) -0.19987 ] TJ /R29 11.95520 Tf 4.26211 -4.33789 Td [ (Uni) 24.99460 (v) 14.98620 (ersity) -249.98900 (of) -250.01500 (California\054) -249.99300 (San) -249.98900 (Die) 15 (go) ] TJ /R33 8.96640 Tf 0.42773 -13.94800 Td [ (f) -0.89990 ] TJ /R35 8.96640 Tf 4.60820 0 Td [ (yil325\054) -599.99400 (wel107\054) -599.99400 (nuno) ] TJ /R33 8.96640 Tf 107.59600 0 Td [ (g) -0.90126 ] TJ /R35 8.96640 Tf 4.60781 0 Td (\100ucsd\056edu) Tj /R29 11.95520 Tf 81.98130 28.00510 Td [ (V) 59.99160 (ijay) -249.98900 (Mahade) 24.98550 (v) 24.98340 (an) ] TJ /R31 7.97010 Tf 84.00900 4.33906 Td [ (x) -0.19911 ] TJ /R29 11.95520 Tf 44.25510 -4.33906 Td [ (Nuno) -249.98900 (V) 110.99400 (asconcelos) ] TJ /R31 7.97010 Tf 88.64690 4.33906 Td [ (y) -0.20217 ] TJ -147.19600 -14.05820 Td [ (x) -0.19911 ] TJ /R29 11.95520 Tf 4.26211 -4.33789 Td [ (Y) 99.98470 (ahoo) -249.99700 (Research) ] TJ /R35 8.96640 Tf -22.56910 -13.94800 Td (vmahadev\100yahoo\055inc\056com) Tj /R27 11.95520 Tf -194.18000 -41.04610 Td (Abstract) Tj /R37 9.96260 Tf -83.92770 -23.91090 Td [ (Pr) 36.98400 (e) 15.01280 (vious) -199.98700 (appr) 44.99370 (oac) 14.98400 (hes) -199.01800 (to) -199.99400 (action) -199.00100 (r) 37.01960 (eco) 9.99466 (gnition) -200.00300 (with) -198.99400 (deep) -200.00300 (fea\055) ] TJ -11.95510 -11.95510 Td [ (tur) 36.99260 (es) -269.99200 (tend) -269.98100 (to) -269.98200 (pr) 44.98390 (ocess) -269.98600 (video) -269.98600 (fr) 14.99140 (ames) -269.98400 (only) -269.98200 (within) -271.00900 (a) -269.98900 (small) -270.00400 (tem\055) ] TJ 11.95470 TL T* [ (por) 14.99380 (al) -308.99500 (r) 37.01960 (e) 39.98900 (gion\054) -325.01900 (and) -308.99300 (do) -310.01700 (not) -308.99000 (model) -310.01100 (long\055r) 15.00240 (ang) 10.01300 (e) -309.01200 (dynamic) -310.01000 (infor) 19.98690 (\055) ] TJ T* [ (mation) -329.01100 (e) 19.99240 (xpl) 0.98819 (icitly) 54.99080 (\056) -545.98500 (Howe) 14.99500 (ver) 110.99900 (\054) -348.01800 (suc) 14.98520 (h) -329 (information) -328 (is) -328.99200 (important) ] TJ T* [ (for) -367.99900 (the) -368.00900 (accur) 14.98520 (ate) -366.99000 (r) 37.01960 (eco) 9.99466 (gnition) -368.01500 (of) -368.00500 (actions\054) -396.99700 (especially) -367.99700 (for) -368 (the) ] TJ T* [ (discrimination) -262.98300 (of) -263.00300 (comple) 20.00770 (x) -262 (activities) -262.98100 (that) -262.99000 (shar) 36.99630 (e) -263.02000 (sub\055actions\054) ] TJ 11.95590 TL T* [ (and) -207.00900 (when) -207.00500 (dealing) -206.01300 (with) -206.99100 (untrimmed) -206.98800 (videos\056) -294.99200 (Her) 37.01830 (e) 9.99343 (\054) -216 (we) -207.01400 (pr) 44.98510 (opose) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (a) -221.99700 (r) 37.01960 (epr) 36.98100 (esentation\054) ] TJ /R39 9.96260 Tf 69.32700 0 Td [ (VLAD) -222.00800 (f) 9.99466 (or) -221.99100 (Deep) -222.00300 (Dynamics) -222.00200 (\050VLAD) ] TJ /R39 6.97380 Tf 139.36000 3.61602 Td (3) Tj /R39 9.96260 Tf 3.98477 -3.61602 Td (\051) Tj /R37 9.96260 Tf 3.31719 0 Td [ (\054) -227.99900 (that) ] TJ -215.98900 -11.95510 Td [ (accounts) -284.98700 (for) -284.01300 (dif) 18.01660 (fer) 36.98280 (ent) -285.00400 (le) 14.98030 (vels) -285.00600 (of) -284.01900 (video) -285.00300 (dynamics\056) -413.98500 (It) -285.00600 (captur) 36.99870 (es) ] TJ T* [ (short\055term) -414.99100 (dynamics) -415.98700 (with) -414.99600 (deep) -416.00800 (con) 40 (volutional) -415.01900 (neur) 14.99010 (al) -415.99700 (net\055) ] TJ T* [ (work) -302.00800 (featur) 37 (es\054) -315.00300 (r) 37.01960 (elying) -302.01200 (on) -302.01800 (linear) -302.00200 (dynamic) -302.01100 (systems) -302.00800 (\050LDS\051) -302.01300 (to) ] TJ T* [ (model) -270.01700 (medium\055r) 14.99870 (ang) 10.01300 (e) -270 (dynamics\056) -369.99200 (T) 92 (o) -269.98900 (account) -270.01400 (for) -270.01600 (long\055r) 15.00240 (ang) 10.01300 (e) ] TJ 11.95590 TL T* [ (inhomo) 9.98914 (g) 10.00320 (eneous) -211.01100 (dynamics\054) -218.99800 (a) -211.01900 (VLAD) -211 (descriptor) -210.98400 (is) -211.99200 (derived) -211.01400 (for) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (the) -314.99800 (LDS) -314.00400 (and) -314.01100 (pooled) -314.98300 (o) 10.00320 (ver) -315.00900 (the) -314.01900 (whole) -315.02000 (video\054) -330.01400 (to) -314.99400 (arrive) -314.01100 (at) -314.99400 (the) ] TJ T* [ <026e616c> -367.99500 (VLAD) ] TJ /R37 6.97380 Tf 46.29100 3.61523 Td (3) Tj /R37 9.96260 Tf 7.65586 -3.61523 Td [ (r) 37.01960 (epr) 36.98160 (esentation\056) -664.98500 (An) -368.98900 (e) 19.99180 (xtensive) -368.01000 (e) 15.01220 (valuation) -368.99500 (was) ] TJ -53.94690 -11.95510 Td [ (performed) -337.99300 (on) -338.01200 (Olympic) -336.98700 (Sports\054) -359.98200 (UCF101) -337.98800 (and) -338.00700 (THUMOS15\054) ] TJ T* [ (wher) 36.99440 (e) -331.00800 (the) -332.01500 (use) -330.99600 (of) -330.99100 (the) -332.01600 (VLAD) ] TJ /R37 6.97380 Tf 110.76900 3.61484 Td (3) Tj /R37 9.96260 Tf 7.28633 -3.61484 Td [ (r) 37.01960 (epr) 36.98160 (esentation) -331.00400 (leads) -332.00300 (to) -330.99100 (state\055) ] TJ -118.05500 -11.95630 Td [ (of\055the\055art) -250.00500 (r) 37.01960 (esults\056) ] TJ /R27 11.95520 Tf 25.88670 TL T* [ (1\056) -249.99000 (Intr) 18.01460 (oduction) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf 11.95510 -18.92930 Td [ (Object) -376.98200 (and) -376.99000 (action) -377.01900 (recognition) -377 (are) -377.00800 (tw) 10.00810 (o) -376.99100 (important) -376.99300 (prob\055) ] TJ -11.95510 -11.95470 Td [ (lems) -342 (in) -342.00900 (computer) -341.01900 (vision\056) -585.98200 (Ov) 14.98520 (er) -341.99000 (the) -340.99500 (last) -342.00400 (decade\054) -365.00300 (the) -342.01400 (domi\055) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (nant) -217.01000 (representation) -216.01900 (for) -216.98500 (both) -217 (problems) -216.00900 (w) 10 (as) -216.98100 (the) -217.01500 (bag\055of\055w) 10.00320 (ords) ] TJ 11.95590 TL T* [ (model\054) -212.01500 (combining) -203.01600 (histograms) -203.01800 (of) -202.98500 (descriptors) -202.99800 (such) -203.01300 (as) -202.98300 (HoG) -203.01500 (or) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (HoF) -310.00500 (and) -309.00200 (pooling) -309.98700 (o) 14.98280 (v) 14.98280 (er) -309.01500 (space\055time) -310.01000 (v) 20.00160 (olumes) -309.01500 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 228.60300 248.37200 Tm (24) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 238.56500 248.37200 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 244.14400 248.37200 Tm (32) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 254.10700 248.37200 Tm [ (\135\056) -489.01600 (More) ] TJ -203.99500 -11.95510 Td [ (recently) 65.01670 (\054) -362.99600 (substantial) -340.01300 (g) 4.98446 (ains) -340.98800 (in) -340.00900 (object) -340.98600 (recognition) -339.98700 (ha) 19.99670 (v) 14.98280 (e) -341.00700 (been) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (reported) -307 (with) -306.98600 (the) -306.02000 (u) -1.01454 (s) 0.98635 (e) -307.01200 (of) -307.00600 (deep) -307.00600 (con) 40 (v) 20.00160 (olution) -307.00500 (neural) -307.00300 (netw) 10.00810 (orks) ] TJ T* [ (\050CNNs\051) -225.98300 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 87.22270 212.50700 Tm (13) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 97.18520 212.50700 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 101.92700 212.50700 Tm (27) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 111.89000 212.50700 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 116.64200 212.50700 Tm (30) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 126.60500 212.50700 Tm [ (\135\056) -301.99000 (This) -226.01900 (has) -225.99400 (moti) 25.00810 (v) 24.98110 (ated) -226 (se) 25.01790 (v) 14.98280 (eral) -226.98700 (att) 0.99003 (empts) -226.99400 (to) ] TJ -76.49260 -11.95510 Td [ (apply) -249 (CNNs) -250.01200 (to) -249.00500 (the) -249.01000 (action) -249.00100 (recognition) -250.00200 (problem) -248.99000 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 240.71700 200.55200 Tm (11) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 250.67900 200.55200 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 255.65100 200.55200 Tm (26) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 265.61300 200.55200 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 270.59500 200.55200 Tm (31) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 280.55700 200.55200 Tm (\135\056) Tj -230.44500 -11.95590 Td [ (Ho) 24.98420 (we) 25.01420 (v) 14.98280 (er) 39.98600 (\054) -305.98600 (for) -293.99100 (action\054) -306.00900 (the) -293.98300 (g) 4.98446 (ains) -294.99600 (o) 14.98280 (v) 14.98280 (er) -293.99700 (state\055of\055the\055art) -294.99700 (bag\055of\055) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (w) 10.00140 (ords) -338.00900 (approaches) -338.99600 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 129.23500 176.64100 Tm (32) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 139.19800 176.64100 Tm [ (\135) -337.98600 (ha) 19.99790 (v) 14.98280 (e) -337.98800 (not) -338.00500 (been) -339.00100 (as) -337.98000 (impressi) 25.01300 (v) 14.98280 (e\056) -575.00500 (This) ] TJ -89.08550 -11.95470 Td [ (can) -384.01800 (be) -384.99400 (at) -384.01100 (least) -384.98200 (partially) -383.98700 (e) 15.01220 (xplained) -385.00800 (by) -384.00500 (the) -384.98700 (structure) -384 (of) -384.99200 (the) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (video) -250.01900 (signal\056) ] TJ 11.95510 -11.95510 Td [ (While) -191.01100 (most) -192.01600 (images) -191.00500 (tend) -191.01500 (to) -191.99500 (e) 15.01220 (xhibit) -190.99000 (localized) -191.01200 (spatial) -191.98300 (struc\055) ] TJ -11.95510 -11.95590 Td [ (ture\054) -362.01100 (the) -340.01400 (temporal) -339.01700 (structure) -340.00700 (of) -339.00100 (video) -340.00300 (is) -340.00900 (constr) 0.99493 (ained) -340.01400 (by) -340.01200 (the) ] TJ T* [ (la) 14.98100 (ws) -247.00800 (of) -247.01600 (Ne) 25.01420 (wtonian) -246.98900 (mechanics\054) -248.01600 (which) -247.00200 (determine) -246.99800 (the) -247.01000 (motion) ] TJ T* [ (of) -311.98500 (objects) -310.98500 (in) -312.01400 (natural) -310.99500 (scenes\056) -495.00900 (Since) -310.98900 (this) -312.00200 (motion) -311.98500 (tends) -310.98700 (to) -312.01400 (be) ] TJ T* [ (smooth\054) -334.01900 (the) -316.99800 (video) -316.98800 (dynamics) -317.01300 (are) -317.01800 (homogeneous) -317.00100 (o) 14.98280 (v) 14.98280 (er) -317.01300 (a) -317.01100 (sub\055) ] TJ T* [ (stantial) -286 (number) -286.01100 (of) -285.99000 (frames\056) -418.98300 (W) 79.98790 (e) -285.99600 (refer) -286.01000 (to) -286.01800 (this) -286.00600 (as) -287.00800 (the) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 201.39100 0 Td (medium\055) Tj 57.35900 487.15800 Td [ (r) 14.98280 (ang) 10.01300 (e) -313.01200 (structur) 37.01340 (e) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf 64.83910 0 Td [ (of) -313.00400 (video\054) -328.98400 (which) -312.99200 (tends) -312.98700 (to) -312.99700 (be) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 114.33500 0 Td [ (homo) 10.01790 (g) 10.00320 (eneous) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf 54.58520 0 Td (\056) Tj -233.75900 -11.95590 Td [ (On) -334.01500 (the) -334.99600 (other) -334.01300 (hand\054) -356.00700 (o) 14.98280 (v) 14.98280 (er) -333.99100 (the) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 116.45700 0 Td [ (long\055r) 15.00240 (ang) 10.01300 (e) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf 44.02500 0 Td [ (\054) -354.99500 (natural) -334.98800 (scene) -333.98300 (dy\055) ] TJ -160.48200 -11.95510 Td [ (namics) -250.99500 (can) -250 (be) -251.01700 (v) 14.98280 (ery) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 78.99490 0 Td [ (inhomo) 9.98853 (g) 10.00320 (eneous) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf 64.83200 0 Td [ (since) -249.98800 (videos) -250.99200 (frequently) ] TJ -143.82700 -11.95510 Td [ (depict) -197.99100 (a) -198.01100 (number) -197.98700 (of) -198.00400 (actions\056) -292.00500 (An) -197.99600 (e) 15.01220 (xample) -197.98700 (is) -197.99100 (gi) 24.98600 (v) 14.98280 (en) -198.00600 (in) -197.99600 (Figure) ] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 537.64300 532.29200 Tm (1) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 542.62400 532.29200 Tm (\054) Tj -233.76200 -11.95510 Td [ (where) -192.01200 (the) -191.02000 (action) -191.99200 (of) -190.98500 (interest) -191.98800 (\050\223ja) 19.99180 (v) 14.98280 (elin) -191.01200 (thro) 24.99090 (w\224\051) -192.01200 (is) -191.01200 (embedded) -191.98800 (in) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (video) -251 (that) -251.00200 (also) -251.00200 (contains) -250.01000 (actions) -250.99700 (that) -251.00200 (precede) -250.98800 (\050athlete) -251.00700 (w) 10.00320 (arm\055) ] TJ T* [ (ups\051) -209.99200 (and) -210 (follo) 24.99830 (w) -208.98200 (\050cro) 25.01050 (wd) -209.99700 (shot\054) -218.01800 (shot) -209.98000 (of) -210.00400 (the) -209.01400 (score) -210.00400 (board\054) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 208.70600 0 Td (etc) Tj /R29 9.96260 Tf 11.61600 0 Td [ (\056\051) -210.00400 (it\056) ] TJ -220.32200 -11.95630 Td [ (This) -304.98600 (video) -304.99100 (is) -304.99600 (only) -304.98600 (mar) 18.00190 (ginally) -305.01300 (informati) 25.01050 (v) 14.98280 (e) -305.01300 (about) -304.98800 (the) -304.99800 (action) ] TJ T* [ (of) -204.98300 (interest) -205.00500 (\050depicts) -205.00500 (act) 1.01699 (ions) -205 (shared) -204.98000 (by) -205.01500 (all) -205.01500 (track) -204.98500 (e) 25.01050 (v) 14.98280 (ents\051\056) -294.99500 (Ov) 14.98770 (er) 19.98690 (\055) ] TJ T* [ (all\054) -302.99600 (the) -293.00300 (statistics) -293.00300 (of) -291.98800 (the) -293.00300 (video) -292.99000 (can) -293.01500 (be) -291.99000 (represented) -293.00500 (at) -293.00500 (v) 24.98110 (arious) ] TJ T* [ (le) 25.01790 (v) 14.98280 (els) -207.01400 (of) -206.00200 (granularity) 64.99650 (\054) -214.98100 (gi) 24.98850 (ving) -207 (rise) -207.01900 (to) -205.99500 (the) -207.01400 (hierarch) 5.01877 (y) -206 (of) -206.98500 (Figure) ] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 537.64300 448.60600 Tm (1) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 542.62500 448.60600 Tm (\056) Tj -221.80700 -16.43090 Td [ (In) -319.98300 (the) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 26.84570 0 Td (short\055term) Tj /R29 9.96260 Tf 42.06210 0 Td [ (\054) -337 (a) -319.99100 (video) -320.00500 (can) -319.99100 (be) -319.98600 (characterized) -319.02000 (as) -319.98600 (a) -319.99100 (se\055) ] TJ -80.86290 -11.95510 Td [ (quence) -337 (of) -337 (frames) -338.02000 (with) -337.02000 (characteristic) -336.99800 (motion) -337.00300 (patterns\056) -572.00300 (F) 14.99260 (or) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (e) 15.01220 (xample\054) -445.00200 (the) -404.98400 (optical) -405.98900 <036f> 24.99580 (w) -404.98600 (of) -406.01100 (the) -406 <93706f6c652d037994> -405.01100 (scene) -406.01100 (is) -405.99600 (v) 14.98280 (ery) ] TJ T* [ (distinct) -333 (from) -332.01300 (that) -332.98900 (of) -331.98100 (the) -332.99600 (\223score) -331.98900 (board\224) -332.99800 (scene\056) -557.98500 (W) 79.98660 (e) -331.98900 (refer) -332.98400 (to) ] TJ 11.95590 TL T* [ (this) -375.01100 (as) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 30.16600 0 Td [ (short\055term) -374.99900 (video) -374.98900 (dynamics) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf 108.74000 0 Td [ (\056) -684.97900 (At) -374.98600 (the) -374.98600 (ne) 15.01710 (xt) -374.98600 (le) 25.02030 (v) 14.98280 (el\054) -406.00600 (the) ] TJ -138.90600 -11.95510 Td [ (video) -338.00500 (can) -339.00500 (be) -337.98300 (grouped) -338.98500 (int) 1 (o) -338.99700 (shots) -337.99300 (of) -339.00200 (dynamics) -337.99300 (that) -338.00700 (are) -339.01200 (dis\055) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (criminati) 25.01050 (v) 14.98280 (e) -244.98400 (for) -246 (the) -245.01100 (tar) 17.99700 (get) -245.01100 (action\056) -308.98800 (Since) -244.99800 (these) -245.00800 (dynamics) -246.00800 (tend) ] TJ T* [ (to) -384.98200 (span) -386.00200 (a) -385 (substantial) -384.98700 (number) -385.99400 (of) -384.99500 (frames) -384.99000 (\050at) -384.99500 (least) -386.00400 (seconds\054) ] TJ T* [ (sometimes) -275.00600 (minutes\051) -275.01800 (the) 14.98520 (y) -275.00800 (are) -274.98400 (denoted) -274.99300 (as) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 162.93600 0 Td [ (medium\055r) 14.99750 (ang) 10.01300 (e) -275.01800 (dy\055) ] TJ -162.93600 -11.95510 Td (namics) Tj /R29 9.96260 Tf 28.22380 0 Td [ (\056) -620.01200 (Note) -352.99000 (that\054) -379.99800 (as) -352.99700 (sho) 24.99090 (wn) -352.99000 (in) -354.01000 (Figure) ] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 471.76100 324.57900 Tm (1) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 476.74200 324.57900 Tm [ (\054) -378.99100 (a) -353.00500 (single) -353.99500 (action\054) ] TJ -167.88000 -11.95590 Td [ (such) -294.99700 (as) -295.00700 (the) -293.98300 (\223ja) 19.99420 (v) 14.98280 (elin) -294.99500 (thro) 24.99090 (w) 65.01370 (\054) 69.99320 (\224) -305.99300 (can) -295.01400 (span) -295 (se) 25.01540 (v) 14.98280 (eral) -295.01400 (shots\054) -305.99300 (includ\055) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (ing) -300.01100 (the) -299.00200 (sub\055actions) -299.99400 (\223run\054) 69.99320 (\224) -311.99200 (\223thro) 24.98600 (w) 65.01370 (\054) 69.99320 (\224) -311.99200 (\223pole) -299.97900 <03696768742c> 69.98830 (\224) -311.99200 (and) -299.98400 (\223pole) ] TJ T* [ (landing\056) 69.98100 (\224) -571.00800 (Hence\054) -359.00100 (the) -336.99500 (dynamics) -337.01200 (of) -337.00300 (a) -337.00700 (single) -337.99800 (action) -336.98800 (can) -337.00700 (fre\055) ] TJ T* [ (quently) -414.01900 (be) -414.99000 (decomposed) -414.01900 (into) -415.00400 (a) -414.01400 (sequence) -414.98500 (of) -414.00900 (states\054) -455.98300 (which) ] TJ T* [ (typically) -242.00400 (ha) 19.99670 (v) 14.98280 (e) -242.98400 (themselv) 15.01220 (es) -241.99900 (homogeneous) -241.99400 (mid\055range) -242.99900 (dynam\055) ] TJ T* [ (ics\056) -515 (Finally) 65.01120 (\054) -335.98100 (the) -318.01800 (tar) 17.99700 (get) -318.01800 (action) -318.99100 (is) -318.01100 (embedded) -318.00600 (into) -318.98100 (mar) 18.00190 (ginally) ] TJ 11.95630 TL T* [ (or) -261.01300 (totally) -260.98100 (unrelated) -259.98400 (video\056) -342.98200 (Hence\054) -263.02000 (the) ] TJ /R37 9.96260 Tf 151.99900 0 Td [ (long\055r) 15.00240 (ang) 10.01300 (e) -261.02000 (dynamics) ] TJ /R29 9.96260 Tf -151.99900 -11.95470 Td [ (of) -323.98300 (video) -324.00700 (tend) -324.01200 (to) -322.99300 (be) -323.98500 (highly) -323.99000 (inhomogeneous\056) -532.00900 (While) -324.01000 (chunks) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (of) -249.99500 (these) -249.00700 (dynamics) -250.00500 (correspond) -249.00300 (to) -249.98800 (the) -249.00700 (action) -249.98300 (of) -249.01700 (interest\054) -250.01200 (their) ] TJ T* [ (location) -250.01000 (can) -250 (v) 24.98110 (ary) -250 (from) -249.98800 (one) -249.99300 (video) -250.01700 (to) -249.98800 (the) -249.98800 (ne) 15.01710 (xt\056) ] TJ 11.95510 -16.43090 Td [ (Since) -363.02000 (the) -362.99100 (temporal) -363.01300 (structure) -362.98400 (of) -362.99800 (video) -363.01800 (statistics) -362.99300 (follo) 24.99580 (ws) ] TJ -11.95510 -11.95510 Td [ (the) -309 (hierarch) 5.01632 (y) -309.00200 (of) -309.98500 (Figure) ] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 405.24000 176.64100 Tm (1) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 410.22100 176.64100 Tm [ (\054) -323.98000 (it) -308.99300 (is) -308.99300 (sensible) -309.01700 (to) -308.99700 (consider) -310.01200 (a) -309.01200 (simi\055) ] TJ -101.35900 -11.95510 Td [ (lar) -285.01100 (hierarch) 5.01632 (y) -285.00600 (for) -285.01400 (video) -286.01400 (models\056) -414.99400 (The) -285.00600 (lo) 24.98600 (west) -285.00100 (le) 25.02030 (v) 14.98280 (el) -285.00600 (in) -286.02100 (this) -284.98700 (hi\055) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (erarch) 5.00407 (y) -315.00100 (includes) -315.01900 (models) -315.01400 (whose) -314.99200 (temporal) -314.98200 (support) -315.01600 (accounts) ] TJ 11.95590 TL T* [ (for) -271.99600 (a) -271.99900 (fe) 25.00810 (w) -271.99100 (video) -272.01600 (frames\056) -374.99100 (This) -272.00900 (includes) -272.00900 (approaches) -271.98900 (based) -271.98400 (on) ] TJ 11.95510 TL T* [ (hand\055crafted) -228.98100 (descriptors) -228.99400 (and) -229.01600 (a) -228.98600 (number) -229.00100 (of) -229.02100 (recent) -228.98600 (CNN) -229.00100 (mod\055) ] TJ T* [ (els\054) -279.98000 (which) -272.99900 (use) -273.98600 (a) -273.01800 (fe) 25.00810 (w) -273.99100 (frames) -273.98900 (as) -273.01300 (inputs) -273.99800 (and) -273.00800 (a) -273.99800 (purely) -274.01800 (feedfor) 19.98690 (\055) ] TJ T* [ (w) 10 (ard) -335.98600 (structure) -334.98800 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 373.53900 104.91000 Tm (11) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 383.50200 104.91000 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 389.33900 104.91000 Tm (26) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 399.30200 104.91000 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 405.14000 104.91000 Tm (31) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R29 9.96260 Tf 1 0 0 1 415.10200 104.91000 Tm [ (\135\056) -567.00300 (This) -335.99800 (is) -336.00800 (denoted) -334.98300 (as) -335.98300 (the) ] TJ /R27 9.96260 Tf 104.55600 0 Td (short\055) Tj -210.79600 -11.95470 Td (term) Tj /R29 9.96260 Tf 22.69380 0 Td [ (le) 25.01790 (v) 14.98280 (el) -224 (of) -224 (the) -223.99400 (model) -224.01700 (hierarch) 5.01877 (y) 65.01370 (\056) -301.00400 (The) -223.99700 (ne) 15.01710 (xt) -223.99200 (class) -223.99200 (of) -224.00200 (models) ] TJ -22.69380 -11.95510 Td [ (includes) -329.99600 (recurrent) -329.98900 (neural) -330.01800 (netw) 10.00810 (orks) -330.00900 (\050RNNs\051) -330.00400 (and) -330.99900 (their) -330.01400 (v) 24.98110 (ari\055) ] TJ -13.74100 -29.88790 Td (1) Tj ET Q Q Q q q 1 1 1 rg /a0 gs 48.40600 786.42200 515.18800 -52.69900 re f q /s5 gs /x6 Do Q q /s7 gs /x8 Do Q q /s9 gs /x10 Do Q q /s11 gs /x12 Do Q Q Q Q q 1 0 0 1 0 0 cm BT /F1 12 Tf 14.40000 TL ET 1 1 1 rg n 270 47 72 14 re f* 0.50000 0.50000 0.50000 rg BT /F2 9 Tf 10.80000 TL ET BT 1 0 0 1 297 50 Tm (1951) Tj T* ET Q endstream endobj 15 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Resources << /ExtGState << /a0 << /CA 1 /ca 1 >> >> /XObject << /x18 16 0 R >> >> /Length 28 /Group << /Type /Group /S /Transparency /CS /DeviceRGB /I true >> /BBox [ 78 746 96 765 ] /Type /XObject /Subtype /Form >> stream x+O4PH/VЯ0Pp 0 endstream endobj 16 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Resources 17 0 R /Length 107 /Type /XObject /BBox [ 78 746 96 765 ] /Subtype /Form >> stream xe AC̬wʠ =p,?]%+H-
Jc "82w8VSnGW;"
endstream
endobj
17 0 obj
<<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources <<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
/XObject <<
/x15 19 0 R
>>
>>
/Length 28
/Group <<
/Type /Group
/S /Transparency
/CS /DeviceRGB
/I true
>>
/BBox [ 67 752 84 775 ]
/Type /XObject
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
x+O4PH/VЯ04Up
0
endstream
endobj
19 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources 20 0 R
/Length 228
/Type /XObject
/BBox [ 67 752 84 775 ]
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
xeQKn!s ?FPav6R٪TS.
b];15YyR
{7QL.\:Rv/x9l+L7h%1!}i/AI(kz"U&,YO![R hg{3}4/GyYF:!w}Gn+'xJcO9i뽼_-:`
endstream
endobj
20 0 obj
<<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
>>
endobj
21 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources <<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
/XObject <<
/x24 22 0 R
>>
>>
/Length 28
/Group <<
/Type /Group
/S /Transparency
/CS /DeviceRGB
/I true
>>
/BBox [ 132 751 480 772 ]
/Type /XObject
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
x+O4PH/VЯ02Qp
0
endstream
endobj
22 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources 23 0 R
/Length 53223
/Type /XObject
/BBox [ 132 751 480 772 ]
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
xtI:6%Q㨈?7rA= u%6 ?Y(WbWo{B>9
x`Znϳ|8{3?0x*z ǃ|,@:w>`c|*ϻⳅKO3`g
:_|}}><.6`Z{{3]#<_o"~:ͺgk7/Ұ@|K yp ]03ʷCmş8˽Y?>(3!Bwqs.Z8,~~=rMT̩y+/*w: uBZ_`ߵp`%M?ɝ1ɳw=vDۉy&xb4Q>d@ sg~lA