%PDF-1.3 1 0 obj << /Kids [ 3 0 R 4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R 12 0 R ] /Type /Pages /Count 10 >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Title (Learning Facial Action Units From Web Images With Scalable Weakly Supervised Clustering) /Producer (PyPDF2) /Author (Kaili Zhao\054 Wen\055Sheng Chu\054 Aleix M\056 Martinez) /Subject (2018 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 14 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /x8 15 0 R /R49 18 0 R /R47 21 0 R /R55 22 0 R /R56 23 0 R /R57 24 0 R /x12 38 0 R /x6 41 0 R /x10 44 0 R >> /ExtGState << /s9 47 0 R /R48 27 0 R /R46 19 0 R /R45 25 0 R /R43 26 0 R /s7 50 0 R /s5 53 0 R /s11 56 0 R /a0 << /CA 1 /ca 1 >> /R34 59 0 R >> /Font << /F2 60 0 R /F1 61 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R37 66 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R51 28 0 R /R41 74 0 R /R53 32 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] /ColorSpace << /R50 36 0 R >> >> /Group 37 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R 88 0 R 89 0 R 90 0 R 91 0 R 92 0 R 93 0 R 94 0 R 95 0 R 96 0 R 97 0 R 98 0 R 99 0 R 100 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 101 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R34 59 0 R >> /Font << /F2 102 0 R /R37 66 0 R /F1 103 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R39 62 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 104 0 R 105 0 R 106 0 R 107 0 R 108 0 R 109 0 R 110 0 R 111 0 R 112 0 R 113 0 R 114 0 R 115 0 R 116 0 R 117 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R 120 0 R 121 0 R 122 0 R 123 0 R 124 0 R 125 0 R 126 0 R 127 0 R 128 0 R 129 0 R 130 0 R 131 0 R 132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R ] >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 138 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R34 59 0 R >> /Font << /R127 139 0 R /R131 144 0 R /R125 148 0 R /R133 151 0 R /R123 154 0 R /R135 158 0 R /R121 161 0 R /R137 166 0 R /R139 170 0 R /R129 175 0 R /R145 179 0 R /F2 182 0 R /R147 183 0 R /R119 188 0 R /R141 191 0 R /R153 195 0 R /R143 199 0 R /R151 203 0 R /R149 206 0 R /R117 209 0 R /R115 214 0 R /F1 219 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R37 66 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R155 220 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 223 0 R 224 0 R 225 0 R 226 0 R 227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R ] >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 234 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R190 235 0 R /R34 59 0 R /R173 236 0 R >> /Font << /R180 237 0 R /R182 241 0 R /R184 245 0 R /R186 249 0 R /R188 253 0 R /R127 139 0 R /R123 154 0 R /R121 161 0 R /R129 175 0 R /R145 179 0 R /R147 183 0 R /R143 199 0 R /R149 206 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R37 66 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R193 258 0 R /R191 261 0 R /R197 264 0 R /R195 267 0 R /F2 270 0 R /R131 144 0 R /R133 151 0 R /R135 158 0 R /R137 166 0 R /R139 170 0 R /R119 188 0 R /R178 271 0 R /R151 203 0 R /R174 275 0 R /R176 279 0 R /R117 209 0 R /R115 214 0 R /F1 283 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 284 0 R 285 0 R 286 0 R 287 0 R 288 0 R 289 0 R 290 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R 293 0 R 294 0 R ] >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 295 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R228 296 0 R /R229 299 0 R /R233 300 0 R /R223 303 0 R /R224 302 0 R /R232 304 0 R /R231 305 0 R /R227 297 0 R /R230 306 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R221 301 0 R /R34 59 0 R /R46 19 0 R /R43 26 0 R /R173 236 0 R >> /Font << /R225 307 0 R /R127 139 0 R /R131 144 0 R /R125 148 0 R /R133 151 0 R /R123 154 0 R /R121 161 0 R /R137 166 0 R /R139 170 0 R /R129 175 0 R /R145 179 0 R /F2 311 0 R /R147 183 0 R /R119 188 0 R /R141 191 0 R /R143 199 0 R /R151 203 0 R /R149 206 0 R /R117 209 0 R /R115 214 0 R /F1 312 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R37 66 0 R /R35 70 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /Group 37 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 313 0 R 314 0 R 315 0 R 316 0 R 317 0 R 318 0 R 319 0 R 320 0 R 321 0 R 322 0 R 323 0 R 324 0 R 325 0 R 326 0 R 327 0 R 328 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 8 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 329 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R190 235 0 R /R34 59 0 R /R173 236 0 R >> /Font << /R264 330 0 R /F2 334 0 R /R266 335 0 R /R188 253 0 R /F1 339 0 R /R268 340 0 R /R147 183 0 R /R115 214 0 R /R127 139 0 R /R117 209 0 R /R123 154 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R37 66 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R139 170 0 R /R129 175 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 344 0 R 345 0 R 346 0 R 347 0 R 348 0 R 349 0 R 350 0 R 351 0 R 352 0 R 353 0 R 354 0 R 355 0 R 356 0 R 357 0 R 358 0 R 359 0 R 360 0 R 361 0 R 362 0 R 363 0 R 364 0 R 365 0 R 366 0 R 367 0 R 368 0 R ] >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 369 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R310 370 0 R /R311 371 0 R /R312 372 0 R /R313 373 0 R /R309 374 0 R /R308 375 0 R /R301 376 0 R /R300 377 0 R /R307 378 0 R /R306 379 0 R /R305 380 0 R /R304 381 0 R /R299 382 0 R /R298 383 0 R /R293 384 0 R /R292 385 0 R /R295 386 0 R /R294 387 0 R /R297 388 0 R /R296 389 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R34 59 0 R /R173 236 0 R >> /Font << /R314 390 0 R /F2 393 0 R /R290 394 0 R /R115 214 0 R /R127 139 0 R /R37 66 0 R /F1 398 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R302 399 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R139 170 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] /ColorSpace << /R50 36 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 403 0 R 404 0 R 405 0 R 406 0 R 407 0 R 408 0 R 409 0 R 410 0 R 411 0 R 412 0 R 413 0 R 414 0 R 415 0 R 416 0 R ] >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 417 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R361 418 0 R /R360 419 0 R /R363 420 0 R /R362 421 0 R /R365 422 0 R /R364 423 0 R /R367 424 0 R /R366 425 0 R /R369 426 0 R /R368 427 0 R /R372 428 0 R /R373 429 0 R /R370 430 0 R /R371 431 0 R /R376 432 0 R /R377 433 0 R /R374 434 0 R /R375 435 0 R /R378 436 0 R /R379 437 0 R /R338 438 0 R /R339 439 0 R /R336 440 0 R /R337 441 0 R /R334 442 0 R /R335 443 0 R /R332 444 0 R /R333 445 0 R /R331 446 0 R /R349 447 0 R /R348 448 0 R /R347 449 0 R /R346 450 0 R /R345 451 0 R /R344 452 0 R /R343 453 0 R /R342 454 0 R /R341 455 0 R /R340 456 0 R /R383 457 0 R /R382 458 0 R /R381 459 0 R /R380 460 0 R /R387 461 0 R /R386 462 0 R /R385 463 0 R /R384 464 0 R /R389 465 0 R /R388 466 0 R /R358 467 0 R /R359 468 0 R /R350 469 0 R /R351 470 0 R /R352 471 0 R /R353 472 0 R /R354 473 0 R /R355 474 0 R /R356 475 0 R /R357 476 0 R /R404 477 0 R /R405 478 0 R /R406 479 0 R /R407 480 0 R /R400 481 0 R /R401 482 0 R /R402 483 0 R /R403 484 0 R /R408 485 0 R /R409 486 0 R /R398 487 0 R /R399 488 0 R /R394 489 0 R /R395 490 0 R /R396 491 0 R /R397 492 0 R /R390 493 0 R /R391 494 0 R /R392 495 0 R /R393 496 0 R /R410 497 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R34 59 0 R >> /Font << /F2 498 0 R /F1 499 0 R /R329 500 0 R /R39 62 0 R /R37 66 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R117 209 0 R /R129 175 0 R /R115 214 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] /ColorSpace << /R50 36 0 R >> >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 504 0 R 505 0 R 506 0 R 507 0 R 508 0 R 509 0 R 510 0 R ] >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 511 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R34 59 0 R >> /Font << /F2 512 0 R /R37 66 0 R /F1 513 0 R /R35 70 0 R /R39 62 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ ] >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 514 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R34 59 0 R >> /Font << /F2 515 0 R /R37 66 0 R /F1 516 0 R /R39 62 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ ] >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Length 19791 >> stream q q q 0.1 0 0 0.1 0 0 cm /R34 gs 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R35 14.3462 Tf 1 0 0 1 137.309 675.067 Tm [ (Lear) 14.9893 (ning) -249.994 (F) 24.9889 (acial) -249.996 (Action) -249.996 (Units) -250 (fr) 18.0065 (om) -250.008 (W) 65.0011 (eb) -250.005 (Images) -249.991 (with) ] TJ 38.491 -17.9332 Td [ (Scalable) -249.995 (W) 65.0011 (eakly) -250 (Super) 10.0031 (vised) -249.99 (Clustering) ] TJ /R35 11.9552 Tf -18.857 -24.6305 Td [ (Kaili) -250.009 (Zhao) ] TJ /R37 7.9701 Tf 54.8129 4.33828 Td (1) Tj /R35 11.9552 Tf 22.416 -4.33828 Td [ (W) 64.9989 (en\055Sheng) -249.991 (Chu) ] TJ /R37 7.9701 Tf 83.2562 4.33828 Td (2) Tj /R35 11.9552 Tf 22.4148 -4.33828 Td [ (Aleix) -249.989 (M\056) -249.997 (Martinez) ] TJ /R37 7.9701 Tf 93.9551 4.33828 Td (3) Tj -337.342 -13.9582 Td (1) Tj /R37 11.9552 Tf 4.4832 -4.33906 Td [ (School) -250.004 (of) -250.015 (Comm\056) -250.003 (and) -249.987 (Info\056) -249.997 (Engineering\054) -249.985 (Beijing) -250.002 (Uni) 24.9957 (v) 14.9851 (ersity) -249.989 (of) -250.014 (Posts) -250.01 (and) -249.985 (T) 70.0164 (elecom\056) ] TJ /R37 7.9701 Tf 80.859 -9.61992 Td (2) Tj /R37 11.9552 Tf 4.48281 -4.33789 Td [ (Robotics) -250.006 (Institute\054) -250.004 (Carne) 15.0137 (gie) -250 (Mellon) -249.997 (Uni) 24.9957 (v) 14.9851 (ersity) ] TJ /R37 7.9701 Tf -68.3117 -9.61992 Td (3) Tj /R37 11.9552 Tf 4.48281 -4.33828 Td [ (Dept\056) -249.987 (of) -250.015 (Electrical) -250.004 (and) -249.987 (Computer) -250.014 (Engineering\054) -249.985 (The) -250.014 (Ohio) -250.002 (State) -250.002 (Uni) 24.9957 (v) 14.9851 (ersity) ] TJ /R35 11.9552 Tf 23.543 -30.2863 Td (Abstract) Tj /R39 9.9626 Tf -83.9273 -24.4152 Td [ (W) 91.9865 (e) -315.011 (pr) 36.9852 (esent) -314.016 (a) -315.001 (scalable) -314 (weakly) -314.994 (supervised) -314 (clustering) -315.006 (ap\055) ] TJ -11.9551 -11.9547 Td [ (pr) 44.9839 (oac) 14.9834 (h) -287.986 (to) -288.018 (learn) -288.012 (facial) -288.984 (action) -288.006 (units) -288 (\050A) 49.9929 (Us\051) -287.986 (fr) 44.9851 (om) -287.984 (lar) 36.9914 (g) 10.0032 (e) 9.99343 (\054) -297.987 (fr) 36.9865 (eely) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (available) -307.014 (web) -306.994 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (es\056) -479.995 (Unlik) 10.0167 (e) -307.012 (most) -306.987 (e) 19.9918 (xisting) -307.012 (methods) -306.981 (\050) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 219.373 0 Td (e\056g) Tj /R39 9.9626 Tf 11.8961 0 Td (\056\054) Tj -231.269 -11.9555 Td [ (CNNs\051) -392.99 (that) -393.988 (r) 37.0196 (ely) -392.994 (on) -394.003 (fully) -393.01 (annotated) -394.011 (data\054) -429.002 (our) -393.015 (method) -393.993 (e) 19.9918 (x\055) ] TJ 11.9559 TL T* [ (ploits) -444.006 (web) -443.01 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (es) -444.003 (with) -444.01 (inaccur) 14.9975 (ate) -443.997 (annotations\056) -891 <5370656369022d> ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (cally) 54.9816 (\054) -204.983 (we) -193.998 (derive) -194.002 (a) -194.982 (weakly\055s) 0.99493 (up) -1.00964 (e) 1.01454 (rvised) -195.01 (spectr) 14.9926 (al) -193.995 (algorithm) -193.995 (that) ] TJ T* [ (learns) -425.002 (an) -425.017 (embedding) -425 (space) -424.981 (to) -425.015 (couple) -425.012 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (e) -424.993 (appear) 15 (ance) ] TJ T* [ (and) -419.013 (semantics\056) -817.007 (The) -419.013 (algorithm) -419.017 (has) -419.012 (ef) 18 <026369656e74> -419.013 (gr) 14.9901 (adient) -419.004 (up\055) ] TJ T* [ (date) 10.0112 (\054) -458 (and) -417.013 (scales) -415.993 (up) -417.019 (to) -415.997 (lar) 36.9926 (g) 10.0032 (e) -416.994 (quantities) -415.997 (of) -417.016 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (es) -416.007 (with) -416.997 (a) ] TJ T* [ (stoc) 14.992 (hastic) -393.006 (e) 19.9924 (xtension\056) -740.004 (W) 55.0117 (ith) -393.013 (the) -392.986 (learned) -393.013 (embedding) -393.986 (space) 10.0057 (\054) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (we) -344.012 (adopt) -345.013 (r) 14.984 (ank\055or) 36.9877 (der) -344.014 (clustering) -345 (to) -344.009 (identify) -345.011 (gr) 44.9851 (oups) -343.999 (of) -344.989 (visu\055) ] TJ 11.9547 TL T* [ (ally) -225.006 (and) -223.987 (semantically) -224.982 (similar) -225.019 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (es\054) -229.017 (and) -225.007 (r) 37.0183 (e\055annotate) -224.994 (these) ] TJ T* [ (gr) 44.9839 (oups) -254.995 (for) -254.018 (tr) 14.9914 (aining) -254.982 (A) 49.9953 (U) -253.994 <636c61737369026572> 9.99343 (s\056) -324.016 (Evaluation) -255.009 (on) -253.987 (the) -255.009 (1) -255.011 (mil\055) ] TJ T* [ (lon) -217.986 (EmotioNet) -217.994 (dataset) -218.011 (demonstr) 15.011 (ates) -217.989 (the) -217.995 (ef) 18 (fectiveness) -217.986 (of) -217.991 (our) ] TJ T* [ (appr) 44.9937 (oac) 14.9834 (h\072) -573 (\0501\051) -382.016 (our) -381.999 (learned) -381.995 (annotations) -381.01 (r) 37.0183 (eac) 15.0147 (h) -382.01 (on) -382.005 (aver) 15.0196 (a) 10.0032 (g) 10.0032 (e) ] TJ T* [ (91\0563\045) -413.99 (a) 10.0032 (gr) 36.9852 (eement) -414.987 (with) -414.015 (human) -415.005 (annotations) -413.985 (on) -414 (7) -414.985 (common) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (A) 49.9953 (Us\054) -370.985 (\0502\051) -345.983 <636c61737369026572> 9.99343 (s) -346.995 (tr) 14.9914 (ained) -346.983 (with) -345.988 (r) 37.0196 (e\055annotated) -347.008 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (es) -346.998 (per) 20.004 (\055) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (form) -274.992 (compar) 14.9975 (ably) -275 (to\054) -280.997 (sometimes) -274.005 (e) 15.0122 (ven) -275.017 (better) -274.996 (than\054) -280.987 (its) -274.993 (super) 20.0138 (\055) ] TJ T* [ (vised) -390.984 (CNN\055based) -391.018 (counterpart\054) -426.001 (and) -389.999 (\0503\051) -390.996 (our) -391.016 (method) -391.013 (of) 18.0092 (fer) 10.0081 (s) ] TJ T* [ (intuitive) -273.995 (outlier\057noise) -274.013 (pruning) -273.014 (instead) -274.002 (of) -273.981 (for) 36.9914 (cing) -273.981 (one) -273.989 (anno\055) ] TJ T* [ (tation) -250 (to) -249.985 (e) 15.0128 (very) -250.005 (ima) 10.013 (g) 10.0032 (e) 15.0122 (\056) -309.985 (Code) -250.018 (is) -249.984 (available) 15.0098 (\056) ] TJ ET Q 1 0 0 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 6.9738 Tf 1 0 0 1 211.665 300.439 Tm (1) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R35 11.9552 Tf 1 0 0 1 50.1121 272.894 Tm [ (1\056) -249.99 (Intr) 18.0146 (oduction) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.9551 -16.4449 Td [ (F) 14.992 (acial) -204.984 (action) -205.989 (unit) -205 (\050A) 55.0104 (U\051) -204.985 (analysis) -206.016 (has) -205.017 (been) -204.983 (a) -206.01 (long\055standing) ] TJ -11.9551 -11.9559 Td [ (problem) -290.003 (in) -290.018 (computer) -290.008 (vision) -289.995 (and) -289.985 (psychology) -289.986 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 234.032 244.493 Tm (9) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 239.013 244.493 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 243.068 244.493 Tm (30) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 253.03 244.493 Tm [ (\135\056) -430.007 (Auto\055) ] TJ -202.918 -11.9551 Td [ (mated) -342.005 (A) 55.0135 (U) -340.999 (annotation) -341.983 (enables) -340.992 (numerous) -341.99 (applications) -342.019 (such) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (as) -366.996 (human\055robot) -366.999 (interaction\054) -395.983 (digital) -367.002 (mark) 10.0081 (eting\054) -395.99 (psycholog\055) ] TJ T* [ (ical) -471.994 (and) -471.994 (beha) 19.9979 (vioral) -473.002 (research\056) -976.004 (Most) -472.99 (e) 15.0122 (xis) 0.99738 (ting) -472.995 (approaches) ] TJ T* [ (to) -447.011 (A) 55.0135 (U) -446.981 (detection) -448.02 (rely) -447.019 (on) -447.014 (either) -447.016 (supervised) -446.996 (methods) -448.006 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 221.585 0 Td (i\056e) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 9.68437 0 Td (\056\054) Tj -231.269 -11.9547 Td [ (training) -309.018 (on) -308.997 (fully) -308.006 (annotated) -308.986 (data\051) -309.007 (or) -309.006 (semi\055supervised) -309.002 (meth\055) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (ods) -336.006 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 20.5 0 Td (i\056e) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 9.68398 0 Td [ (\056\054) -356.994 (training) -335.993 (on) -336.013 (partly) -334.986 (annotated) -336.002 (data\051\056) -567 (Although) -336.02 (the) ] TJ -30.184 -11.9547 Td [ (amount) -288 (of) -287.989 (online) -288.006 (f) 9.99466 (acial) -287.99 (images) -288.008 (has) -287.984 (been) -287.989 (gro) 24.9836 (wing) -288.011 (at) -287.989 (an) -287.991 (e) 15.0122 (x\055) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (ponential) -430.993 (rate\054) -476.001 (it) -431.011 (remains) -431.988 (unclear) -430.986 (ho) 24.986 (w) -430.984 (A) 55.0129 (U) -430.984 (detectors) -431.011 (can) ] TJ T* [ <62656e650274> -328.001 (from) -328.013 (lar) 17.997 (ge\054) -348.017 (freely) -327.987 (a) 19.9918 (v) 24.9811 (ailable) -328.01 (web) -327.982 (images) -328.002 (with) -328.002 (inac\055) ] TJ T* [ (curate) -281.996 (annotations) -281.987 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 79.216 0 Td (i\056e) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 9.68281 0 Td [ (\056\054) -289.986 (annotations) -281.987 (with) -282.99 (errors\051\056) -406.016 (The) -281.987 (need) ] TJ -88.8988 -11.9559 Td [ (for) -271.015 (alle) 24.9817 (viating) -272.001 (the) -271.006 (constraints) -271.016 (of) -271.012 (annotations\054) -277.005 (therefore\054) -277.015 (has) ] TJ T* [ (increased) -249.995 (considerably) 64.999 (\056) ] TJ ET Q 3.98 w 0 G 501.121 906.789 m 1446.11 906.789 l S q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 5.9776 Tf 1 0 0 1 60.9711 83.8129 Tm (1) Tj ET Q 0 1 0 0 k q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R41 7.9701 Tf 1 0 0 1 64.4578 81 Tm (https\072\057\057github\056com\057zkl20061823) Tj ET Q q 3088.62 4524.43 2362.38 1178.61 re W n /R57 Do Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 8.9664 Tf 1 0 0 1 308.862 441.485 Tm [ (Figure) -294.987 (1\056) -294.001 (An) -294.992 (illustration) -293.999 (of) -294.995 (weakly\055supervised) -293.979 (clustering\072) -398.983 (Unlik) 9.98193 (e) ] TJ 10.959 TL T* [ (the) -338.993 (original) -339.99 (feature) -339.015 (space) -338.991 (\050) ] TJ /R35 8.9664 Tf 98.8121 0 Td (left) Tj /R37 8.9664 Tf 12.4449 0 Td [ (\051) -338.999 (that) -339.985 (encloses) -338.977 (dif) 25.0011 (ferent) -338.993 (semantics) ] TJ -111.257 -10.959 Td [ (and) -321.009 (noisy) -321.978 (annotations) -320.998 (in) -321.984 (neighbori) 0.98567 (ng) -321.992 (images\054) -339.021 (weakly) -320.985 (supervised) ] TJ T* [ (clustering) -233.01 (\050) ] TJ /R35 8.9664 Tf 40.4418 0 Td (right) Tj /R37 8.9664 Tf 18.9281 0 Td [ (\051) -234.003 <026e6473> -233.01 (a) -234.009 (ne) 24.9875 (w) -232.999 (embedding) -234.012 (space) -232.999 (where) -234.006 (image) -233.01 (clus\055) ] TJ -59.3699 -10.959 Td [ (ters) -360 (possess) -359.984 (visual\055semanti) 0.98294 (c) -359.997 (coherence\056) -640.02 (The) -360.003 (proposed) -359.012 (approach) ] TJ T* [ (scales) -400.012 (up) -400.018 (to) -399.008 (a) -399.993 (lar) 18.0116 (ge) -399.993 (number) -400.001 (of) -399.99 (images\054) -437 (and) -399.996 (of) 24.9902 (fers) -400.018 (out) 1.0129 (lier\057noise) ] TJ T* [ (pruning) -286.012 (by) -286.007 (design\056) -417.994 (Each) -286.007 (cluster) -285.991 (is) -285.996 (re\055annotated) -286.007 (as) -286.023 (the) -286.018 (same) -285.985 (class) ] TJ T* [ (by) -225.015 (majority) -226.015 (v) 19.9965 (oting\054) -229.987 (and) -225.993 (will) -225 (be) -225.996 (included) -224.994 (for) -226.001 (training) -224.977 (A) 55.0122 (U) -224.983 (detectors\056) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.9551 -20.491 Td [ (Re) 24.986 (vie) 24.9836 (wing) -308.988 (the) -309 (literature\054) -322.99 (an) -309.007 (A) 55.0153 (U) -309.002 (detector) -308.997 (can) -309.012 (be) -309.007 (trained) ] TJ -11.9551 -11.9551 Td (with) Tj /R39 9.9626 Tf 21.1629 0 Td (full) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 16.7391 0 Td [ (supervision) -346.016 (using) -345.991 (methods) -347.006 (based) -346.011 (on) -346.011 (either) -346.011 (static) ] TJ -37.902 -11.9555 Td [ (models) -387.002 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 35.9531 0 Td [ (e) 15.0122 (\056g) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.7457 0 Td [ (\056\054) -420.984 (boosting) -386.987 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 407.23 320.371 Tm (25) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 417.193 320.371 Tm [ (\135\054) -420.989 (SVM) -385.985 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 455.947 320.371 Tm (50) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 465.91 320.371 Tm [ (\135\054) -420.989 (DBN) -387.014 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 504.116 320.371 Tm (44) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 514.079 320.371 Tm [ (\135\054) -420.989 (CNN) ] TJ -205.217 -11.9559 Td (\133) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 312.18 308.415 Tm (14) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 322.142 308.415 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 327.721 308.415 Tm (51) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 337.684 308.415 Tm [ (\135\051\054) -587.005 (dynamic) -518.987 (models) -520.001 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 91.7316 0 Td [ (e) 15.0122 (\056g) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.7457 0 Td [ (\056\054) -586.995 (HMM) -518.987 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 485.385 308.415 Tm (23) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 495.347 308.415 Tm [ (\135\054) -587 (CRF) -519.011 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 534.321 308.415 Tm (5) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 539.302 308.415 Tm (\135\054) Tj -230.44 -11.9551 Td [ (LSTM) -339.007 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 342.127 296.46 Tm (45) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 352.09 296.46 Tm [ (\135\051\054) -361.984 (or) -339.98 (their) -338.99 (combinations) -340.007 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 106.449 0 Td [ (e) 15.0122 (\056g) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.7461 0 Td [ (\056\054) -340.017 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 481.971 296.46 Tm (11) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 491.934 296.46 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 496.307 296.46 Tm (24) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 506.27 296.46 Tm [ (\135\051\056) -579.006 (Gi) 24.986 (v) 14.9828 (en) ] TJ -197.408 -11.9551 Td [ (dif) 24.986 (ferent) -305.01 (de) 15.0171 (grees) -305.008 (in) -304.996 (the) -305 (number) -304.008 (of) -305.008 (samples\054) -319.015 (these) -304.998 (methods) ] TJ 11.9555 TL T* [ (impose) -295.017 (re) 15.0098 (gularization) -295.017 (in) -294.997 (space) -295.01 (and\057or) -296.014 (ti) 0.99493 (me) -295.98 (during) -294.985 (learning) ] TJ T* [ (to) -277.981 (impro) 15.0048 (v) 14.9828 (e) -277.998 (model) -278.008 (generalizability) 65.0088 (\056) -394.008 (Another) -278.012 (trend) -277.983 (of) -277.993 (model) ] TJ T* [ (re) 15.0098 (gularization) -373.984 (belongs) -373.987 (to) -374.006 (semi\055supervised) -374.991 (learning) -373.996 (\050SSL\051\054) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (which) -284.997 (mak) 10.0106 (es) -285.009 (use) -285.984 (of) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 82.648 0 Td (partial) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 29.9699 0 Td [ (supervision) -285.006 (by) -285.001 (considering) -285.996 (ad\055) ] TJ -112.618 -11.9547 Td [ (ditional) -412.99 (unannotated) -414.017 (data\056) -800.018 (T) 79.9916 (o) -412.985 (our) -412.985 (best) -413.995 (kno) 24.9909 (wledge\054) -453.988 (most) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (SSL) -339.99 (approaches) -338.997 (resort) -340.014 (to) -338.992 (unannotated) -339.992 (test) -340.007 (sa) 0.98023 (mples) -339.997 (due) -340.017 (to) ] TJ T* [ (their) -366.985 (a) 19.9918 (v) 24.9811 (ailability) -368.012 (at) -366.995 (prediction) -367.007 (time\056) -663.002 (The) -366.993 (test) -366.983 (samples) -367.988 (are) ] TJ T* [ (often) -310.997 (predicted) -310.014 (by) -310.997 (personalized) -310.987 <636c6173736902657273> -311.017 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 175.946 0 Td [ (e) 15.0122 (\056g) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.7457 0 Td [ (\056\054) -311.002 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 507.951 188.864 Tm (7) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 512.932 188.864 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 517.117 188.864 Tm (47) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 527.079 188.864 Tm [ (\135\051) -311.012 (or) ] TJ -218.217 -11.9559 Td [ (remo) 14.9877 (ving) -340 (a) -341.007 (person\047) 54.981 (s) -340.017 (identity) -341.002 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 431.861 176.908 Tm (37) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 441.823 176.908 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 446.207 176.908 Tm (46) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 456.17 176.908 Tm [ (\135\056) -581.001 (W) 79.9866 (e) -339.987 (refer) -340.982 (interested) ] TJ -147.307 -11.9555 Td [ (readers) -250.005 (to) -249.985 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 353.674 164.953 Tm (29) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 363.636 164.953 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 367.422 164.953 Tm (35) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 377.385 164.953 Tm (\054) Tj ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 381.171 164.953 Tm (38) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 391.133 164.953 Tm [ (\135) -250 (for) -250 (more) -249.988 (comprehensi) 25.0056 (v) 14.9828 (e) -250.002 (re) 25.0056 (vie) 24.986 (ws\056) ] TJ -70.316 -12.2219 Td [ (T) 35.0187 (raining) -347.018 (A) 55.0129 (U) -346.018 (detectors) -346.986 (with) -347.016 (either) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 141.434 0 Td (fully) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 21.168 0 Td (or) Tj /R39 9.9626 Tf 11.7527 0 Td (partly) Tj /R37 9.9626 Tf 27.2551 0 Td (anno\055) Tj -213.565 -11.9551 Td [ (tated) -354.99 (data) -354.017 (encounters) -354.982 (se) 25.0179 (v) 14.9828 (eral) -353.985 (limitations\056) -623.984 (First\054) -381 (collecting) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (A) 55.0129 (U) -400.009 (annotations) -400.007 (requires) -400.004 (labor) 20.0065 (\055intensi) 25.0056 (v) 14.9828 (e) -400.017 (coding) -399.987 (processes) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (by) -414 (F) 74.0024 (A) 39.9958 (CS) -415.002 (e) 15.0122 (xperts\056) -803.003 (W) 39.9933 (ith) -413.99 (an) -414.99 (e) 15.0122 (xperienced) -414.004 (coder) 39.9933 (\054) -455.997 (manually) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (coding) -242.996 (1) -243.013 (A) 55.0129 (U) -243.016 (for) -242.982 (a) -242.004 (one\055minute) -242.984 (video) -242.999 (can) -242.984 (tak) 10.0081 (e) -242.984 (30) -243.008 (minutes) -243.018 (or) ] TJ T* [ (more\056) -294.997 (Due) -204.003 (to) -203.993 (this) -205 (demanding) -204.01 (coding) -205 (process\054) -213.009 (datasets) -203.986 (in) -205.015 (the) ] TJ T* [ (literature) -296.995 (\050) ] TJ /R39 9.9626 Tf 42.2398 0 Td [ (e) 15.0122 (\056g) ] TJ /R37 9.9626 Tf 11.7461 0 Td [ (\056\054) -309.002 (CK\053) -297.017 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 396.641 81 Tm (27) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 406.604 81 Tm [ (\135\054) -307.988 (SEMAINE) -297.014 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 466.031 81 Tm (41) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 475.993 81 Tm [ (\135\054) -309.007 (AM\055FED) -297.019 (\133) ] TJ ET Q 0 0 1 rg q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 529.343 81 Tm (32) Tj ET Q 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R37 9.9626 Tf 1 0 0 1 539.306 81 Tm (\135\054) Tj -244.185 -29.8879 Td (1) Tj ET Q Q Q q q 1 1 1 rg /a0 gs 48.406 786.422 515.188 -52.699 re f q /s5 gs /x6 Do Q q /s7 gs /x8 Do Q q /s9 gs /x10 Do Q q /s11 gs /x12 Do Q Q Q Q q 1 0 0 1 0 0 cm BT /F1 12 Tf 14.4 TL ET 1 1 1 rg n 270 47 72 14 re f* 0.5 0.5 0.5 rg BT /F2 9 Tf 10.8 TL ET BT 1 0 0 1 297 50 Tm (2090) Tj T* ET Q endstream endobj 15 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Resources << /ExtGState << /a0 << /CA 1 /ca 1 >> >> /XObject << /x18 16 0 R >> >> /Length 28 /Group << /Type /Group /S /Transparency /CS /DeviceRGB /I true >> /BBox [ 78 746 96 765 ] /Type /XObject /Subtype /Form >> stream x+O4PH/VЯ0Pp 0 endstream endobj 16 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Resources 17 0 R /Length 107 /Type /XObject /BBox [ 78 746 96 765 ] /Subtype /Form >> stream xe AC̬wʠ =p,?]%+H-
Jc "82w8VSnGW;"
endstream
endobj
17 0 obj
<<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
>>
endobj
18 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/BBox [ 4625.44 4685.92 5016.92 5077.4 ]
/Resources <<
/ExtGState <<
/R46 19 0 R
>>
>>
/Length 154
/Group 20 0 R
/Type /XObject
/FormType 1
/Matrix [ 1 0 0 1 0 0 ]
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
x]M1 cLԅDb'ig+x8#UToFYFl}3>#ZމeJY;LsA;ښ;>ID%s,I7z
?n:L=2?[Ry1usQ?>