Exploring Sparse MoE in GANs for Text-conditioned Image Synthesis

Jiapeng Zhu, Ceyuan Yang, Kecheng Zheng, Yinghao Xu, Zifan Shi, Yifei Zhang, Qifeng Chen, Yujun Shen; Proceedings of the Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Conference (CVPR), 2025, pp. 18411-18423

Due to the difficulty in scaling up, generative adversarial networks (GANs) seem to be falling out of grace with the task of text-conditioned image synthesis. Sparsely activated mixture-of-experts (MoE) has recently been demonstrated as a valid solution to training large-scale models with limited resources. Inspired by this, we present Aurora, a GAN-based text-to-image generator that employs a collection of experts to learn feature processing, together with a sparse router to adaptively select the most suitable expert for each feature point. We adopt a two-stage training strategy, which first learns a base model at 64x64 resolution followed by an upsampler to produce 512x512 images. Trained with only public data, our approach encouragingly closes the performance gap between GANs and industry-level diffusion models, maintaining a fast inference speed. We release the code and checkpoints \href https://github.com/zhujiapeng/Aurora here to facilitate the community for further development.