PixDLM: A Dual-Path Multimodal Language Model for UAV Reasoning Segmentation

Shuyan Ke, Yifan Mei, Changli Wu, Yonghan Zheng, Jiayi Ji, Liujuan Cao, Rongrong Ji; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2026, pp. 26165-26175

Reasoning segmentation has recently expanded from ground-level scenes to remote-sensing imagery, yet UAV data poses distinct challenges, including oblique viewpoints, ultra-high resolutions, and extreme scale variations. To address these issues, we formally define the UAV Reasoning Segmentation task and organize its semantic requirements into three dimensions: Spatial, Attribute, and Scene-level reasoning. Based on this formulation, we construct DRSeg, a large-scale benchmark for UAV reasoning segmentation, containing 10k high-resolution aerial images paired with Chain-of-Thought QA supervision across all three reasoning types. As a benchmark companion, we introduce PixDLM, a simple yet effective pixel-level multimodal language model that serves as a unified baseline for this task. Experiments on DRSeg establish strong baseline results and highlight the unique challenges of UAV reasoning segmentation, providing a solid foundation for future research. All datasets, models, and code are available at https://github.com/XIEFOX/PixDLM.