Trojan Signatures in DNN Weights

Greg Fields, Mohammad Samragh, Mojan Javaheripi, Farinaz Koushanfar, Tara Javidi; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV) Workshops, 2021, pp. 12-20

Deep neural networks have been shown to be vulnerable to backdoor, or Trojan, attacks where an adversary has embedded a trigger in the network at training time such that the model correctly classifies all standard inputs, but generates a targeted, incorrect classification on any input which contains the trigger. In this paper, we present the first ultra light-weight and highly effective Trojan detection method that does not require access to the training/test data, does not involve any expensive computations, and makes no assumptions on the nature of the Trojan trigger. Our approach focuses on analysis of the weights of the final, linear layer of the network. We empirically demonstrate several characteristics of these weights that occur frequently in Trojaned networks, but not in benign networks. In particular, we show that the distribution of the weights associated with the Trojan target class is clearly distinguishable from the weights associated with other classes. Using this, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed detection method against state-of-the-art attacks across a variety of architectures, datasets, and trigger types.