%PDF-1.3 1 0 obj << /Kids [ 3 0 R 4 0 R 5 0 R 6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R 10 0 R 11 0 R ] /Type /Pages /Count 9 >> endobj 2 0 obj << /Title (Generalized Zero\055Shot Learning via Synthesized Examples) /Producer (PyPDF2) /Author (Vinay Kumar Verma\054 Gundeep Arora\054 Ashish Mishra\054 Piyush Rai) /Subject (2018 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition) >> endobj 3 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 13 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /x8 14 0 R /x6 17 0 R /x12 20 0 R /x10 23 0 R >> /ExtGState << /s9 26 0 R /s11 29 0 R /a0 << /CA 1 /ca 1 >> /R25 32 0 R /s5 33 0 R /s7 36 0 R >> /Font << /R40 39 0 R /F2 43 0 R /R28 44 0 R /F1 48 0 R /R38 49 0 R /R36 52 0 R /R34 56 0 R /R32 60 0 R /R30 64 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 71 0 R 72 0 R 73 0 R 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 84 0 R 85 0 R 86 0 R 87 0 R ] >> endobj 4 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 88 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R65 89 0 R /R64 90 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /R78 91 0 R /F1 94 0 R /R72 95 0 R /R70 99 0 R /R76 103 0 R /R74 106 0 R /R40 39 0 R /F2 110 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R66 111 0 R /R82 115 0 R /R80 119 0 R /R68 122 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] >> /Group 126 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 127 0 R 128 0 R 129 0 R 130 0 R 131 0 R 132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R 136 0 R 137 0 R 138 0 R 139 0 R 140 0 R 141 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 5 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 142 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R100 143 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /F1 144 0 R /R103 145 0 R /R101 148 0 R /R70 99 0 R /R105 151 0 R /R74 106 0 R /R40 39 0 R /F2 155 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R66 111 0 R /R107 156 0 R /R82 115 0 R /R80 119 0 R /R68 122 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 160 0 R 161 0 R 162 0 R 163 0 R 164 0 R 165 0 R 166 0 R 167 0 R 168 0 R ] >> endobj 6 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 169 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /R78 91 0 R /R72 95 0 R /R70 99 0 R /R76 103 0 R /R74 106 0 R /F1 170 0 R /F2 171 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R66 111 0 R /R122 172 0 R /R120 175 0 R /R124 179 0 R /R82 115 0 R /R80 119 0 R /R68 122 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 183 0 R 184 0 R 185 0 R 186 0 R 187 0 R 188 0 R ] >> endobj 7 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 189 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /F2 190 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R70 99 0 R /F1 191 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 192 0 R 193 0 R 194 0 R 195 0 R 196 0 R 197 0 R 198 0 R 199 0 R 200 0 R 201 0 R 202 0 R 203 0 R 204 0 R 205 0 R 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R 210 0 R 211 0 R 212 0 R 213 0 R 214 0 R 215 0 R 216 0 R 217 0 R 218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R ] >> endobj 8 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 223 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /R72 95 0 R /R70 99 0 R /R74 106 0 R /F1 224 0 R /F2 225 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R66 111 0 R /R120 175 0 R /R82 115 0 R /R68 122 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 226 0 R 227 0 R 228 0 R 229 0 R 230 0 R 231 0 R 232 0 R 233 0 R 234 0 R 235 0 R 236 0 R 237 0 R 238 0 R 239 0 R 240 0 R ] >> endobj 9 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Contents 241 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R213 242 0 R /R212 243 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /R72 95 0 R /R70 99 0 R /R74 106 0 R /F1 244 0 R /F2 245 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R66 111 0 R /R120 175 0 R /R36 52 0 R /R82 115 0 R /R68 122 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] >> /Group 126 0 R /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 246 0 R 247 0 R 248 0 R 249 0 R 250 0 R 251 0 R 252 0 R 253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R 256 0 R 257 0 R 258 0 R 259 0 R 260 0 R 261 0 R 262 0 R 263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R 266 0 R 267 0 R 268 0 R 269 0 R ] /Type /Page >> endobj 10 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 270 0 R /Resources << /XObject << /R238 271 0 R >> /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /F2 272 0 R /R28 44 0 R /R66 111 0 R /F1 273 0 R /R105 151 0 R /R68 122 0 R /R107 156 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /Text /ImageC /ImageB /PDF /ImageI ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ 274 0 R 275 0 R 276 0 R 277 0 R 278 0 R 279 0 R 280 0 R 281 0 R 282 0 R 283 0 R 284 0 R 285 0 R 286 0 R 287 0 R 288 0 R 289 0 R 290 0 R 291 0 R 292 0 R ] >> endobj 11 0 obj << /Parent 1 0 R /Rotate 0 /Type /Page /Contents 293 0 R /Resources << /ExtGState << /R25 32 0 R >> /Font << /F2 294 0 R /R28 44 0 R /F1 295 0 R /R40 39 0 R /R26 67 0 R >> /ProcSet [ /ImageC /Text /PDF /ImageI /ImageB ] >> /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Annots [ ] >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 1 0 R >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Length 17875 >> stream q q q 0.1 0 0 0.1 0 0 cm /R25 gs 0 g q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R26 14.3462 Tf 1 0 0 1 117.124 675.067 Tm [ (Generalized) -250.013 (Zer) 18.0082 (o\055Shot) -249.996 (Lear) 14.9893 (ning) -249.993 (via) -250.007 (Synthesized) -250.012 (Examples) ] TJ /R28 11.9552 Tf 2.34219 -37.8582 Td [ (V) 59.9906 (inay) -250.011 (K) 14.9984 (umar) -249.992 (V) 110.995 (erma) ] TJ /R30 7.9701 Tf 98.7012 4.33906 Td [ (1) -0.30019 ] TJ /R32 7.9701 Tf 4.23398 0 Td [ (\073) -0.10109 ] TJ /R34 7.9701 Tf 2.85078 0 Td [ <03> -0.30019 ] TJ /R28 11.9552 Tf 2.98906 -4.33906 Td [ (\054) -250.012 (Gundeep) -250.016 (Arora) ] TJ /R30 7.9701 Tf 80.0031 4.33906 Td [ (1) -0.30019 ] TJ /R32 7.9701 Tf 4.23477 0 Td [ (\073) -0.10109 ] TJ /R34 7.9701 Tf 2.85 0 Td [ <03> -0.30019 ] TJ /R28 11.9552 Tf 4.33906 TL T* [ (\054) -250.012 (Ashish) -250.004 (Mishra) ] TJ /R34 7.9701 Tf 76.0461 4.33906 Td [ (y) -0.19911 ] TJ /R28 11.9552 Tf 7.25117 -4.33906 Td [ (and) -249.985 (Piyush) -250.014 (Rai) ] TJ /R34 7.9701 Tf 72.3988 4.33906 Td [ <03> -0.30019 ] TJ -375.133 -14.0582 Td [ <03> -0.30019 ] TJ /R28 11.9552 Tf 4.73203 -4.33789 Td [ (Indian) -250.004 (Institute) -250.015 (of) -250.015 (T) 70.0154 (echnology) -249.997 (Kanpur) ] TJ /R34 7.9701 Tf 210.673 4.33789 Td [ (y) -0.19911 ] TJ /R28 11.9552 Tf 4.26211 -4.33789 Td [ (Indian) -250.004 (Institute) -250.016 (of) -250.014 (T) 70.0164 (echnology) -249.997 (Madras) ] TJ /R36 8.9664 Tf -183.949 -13.948 Td [ (f) -0.8999 ] TJ /R38 8.9664 Tf 4.60664 0 Td (vkverma\054gundeep\054piyush) Tj /R36 8.9664 Tf 118.356 0 Td [ (g) -0.90126 ] TJ /R38 8.9664 Tf 4.60781 0 Td [ (\100cse\056iitk\056ac\056in\054) -600.016 (mishra\100cse\056iitm\056ac\056in) ] TJ /R26 11.9552 Tf -113.186 -41.0461 Td (Abstract) Tj /R40 9.9626 Tf -83.9281 -23.9109 Td [ (W) 91.9865 (e) -228.986 (pr) 36.9852 (esent) -229.991 (a) -229.016 (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (ative) -229.01 (fr) 14.9914 (ame) 14.9816 (work) -229.001 (for) -229.003 (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (alized) -230.013 (zer) 44.9802 (o\055) ] TJ -11.9547 -11.9551 Td [ (shot) -391.99 (learning) -390.997 (wher) 36.9938 (e) -392.018 (the) -392.006 (tr) 14.9914 (aining) -390.998 (and) -391.998 (test) -391.016 (classes) -391.991 (ar) 36.9865 (e) -392.018 (not) ] TJ 11.9547 TL T* [ (necessarily) -314 (disjoint\056) -503 (Built) -315.015 (upon) -314.006 (a) -313.982 (variational) -314.989 (autoencoder) ] TJ T* [ (based) -445.007 (ar) 36.9852 (c) 15.0128 (hitectur) 37.0036 (e) 9.99343 (\054) -493.994 (consisting) -445.014 (of) -445.012 (a) -446 (pr) 44.9851 (obabilistic) -445.004 (encoder) ] TJ T* [ (and) -493 (a) -491.991 (pr) 44.9839 (obabilistic) ] TJ /R28 9.9626 Tf 85.1316 0 Td (conditional) Tj /R40 9.9626 Tf 49.7402 0 Td [ (decoder) 111.008 (\054) -553.003 (our) -492.999 (model) -493.001 (can) ] TJ -134.872 -11.9551 Td [ (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (ate) -342.994 (no) 10.0081 (vel) -341.983 (e) 19.9918 (xemplar) 10.0155 (s) -342.995 (fr) 44.9864 (om) -342.014 (seen\057unseen) -343.019 (classes\054) -365.993 (given) ] TJ 11.9559 TL T* [ (their) -288.99 (r) 37.0196 (espective) -289.987 (class) -288.991 (attrib) 19.9954 (utes\056) -427.991 (These) -290.013 (e) 19.9918 (xemplar) 10.0155 (s) -289.006 (can) -289.986 (sub\055) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (sequently) -415.986 (be) -416.989 (used) -415.997 (to) -417.016 (tr) 14.9914 (ain) -415.992 (any) -416.003 (of) 18.0092 (f\055the\055shelf) -417 <636c6173736902636174696f6e> ] TJ T* [ (model\056) -496.016 (One) -313.003 (of) -312.014 (the) -312.019 (k) 9.99343 (e) 29.9901 (y) -311.992 (aspects) -312.006 (of) -312.014 (our) -312.991 (encoder) 20.004 (\055decoder) -311.982 (ar) 20.0089 (\055) ] TJ T* [ (c) 15.0128 (hitectur) 37.003 (e) -317.99 (is) -316.992 (a) -317.981 (feedbac) 20.0052 (k\055driven) -318.018 (mec) 15.011 (hanism) -317.993 (in) -316.994 (whic) 15 (h) -317.981 (a) -317.981 (dis\055) ] TJ T* [ (criminator) -209.016 (\050a) -208.984 (multivariate) -209.012 (r) 37.0196 (e) 39.9884 (gr) 36.9852 (essor\051) -209.008 (learns) -209 (to) -209.012 (map) -209.992 (the) -209.017 (g) 10.0032 (en\055) ] TJ T* [ (er) 15.0189 (ated) -314.993 (e) 19.9924 (xemplar) 10.0155 (s) -316.02 (to) -314.994 (the) -316.018 (corr) 36.9865 (esponding) -315.006 (class) -314.987 (attrib) 19.9942 (ute) -316.018 (vec\055) ] TJ 11.9559 TL T* [ (tor) 10.0167 (s\054) -251.008 (leading) -250.007 (to) -251.005 (an) -251.007 (impr) 44.9937 (o) 10.0032 (ved) -250.001 (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (ator) 110.985 (\056) -311.985 (Our) -251.002 (model\047) 40.0056 (s) -251.012 (ability) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (to) -328.992 (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (ate) -330.015 (and) -328.989 (le) 14.9803 (ver) 15.0147 (a) 10.0032 (g) 10.0032 (e) -329.989 (e) 19.9918 (xamples) -328.987 (fr) 44.9864 (om) -330.016 (unseen) -328.992 (classes) -330.001 (to) ] TJ T* [ (tr) 14.9914 (ain) -225.004 (the) -225.013 <636c6173736902636174696f6e> -225.003 (model) -223.986 (natur) 15.0061 (ally) -225.007 (helps) -225.002 (to) -225.009 (mitigate) -224.985 (the) ] TJ T* [ (bias) -393.009 (towar) 37.011 (ds) -392.002 (pr) 36.9852 (edicting) -393.004 (seen) -392.011 (classes) -393.01 (in) -392 (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (alized) -393.005 (zer) 44.9802 (o\055) ] TJ T* [ (shot) -449 (learning) -448.988 (settings\056) -906.983 (Thr) 44.9986 (ough) -449.004 (a) -449.998 (compr) 36.9889 (ehensive) -449.018 (set) -449.013 (of) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (e) 19.9924 (xperiments\054) -353.01 (we) -332.995 (show) -331.994 (that) -333.018 (our) -332.987 (model) -332.007 (outperforms) -332.991 (se) 15.0196 (ver) 15.0147 (al) ] TJ 11.9547 TL T* [ (state\055of\055the\055art) -443.013 (methods\054) -490.987 (on) -441.995 (se) 15.0183 (ver) 15.0147 (al) -443.012 (benc) 15.0196 (hmark) -443.009 (datasets\054) ] TJ T* [ (for) -233.002 (both) -232.998 (standar) 37.0134 (d) -233.015 (as) -231.989 (well) -232.997 (as) -233.009 (g) 10.0032 (ener) 15.0196 (alized) -232.993 (zer) 44.9802 (o\055shot) -232.995 (learning) 15.0147 (\056) ] TJ /R26 11.9552 Tf 21.3723 TL T* [ (1\056) -249.99 (Intr) 18.0146 (oduction) ] TJ /R28 9.9626 Tf 11.9547 -18.9289 Td [ (The) -404.987 (ability) -406.016 (t) 0.98758 (o) -406.006 (correctly) -404.986 (cate) 15.011 (gorize) -404.986 (objects) -405.008 (from) -406 (pre) 25.013 (vi\055) ] TJ -11.9547 -11.9551 Td [ (ously) -325.996 (unseen) -326.012 (classes) -324.992 (is) -326.011 (a) -325.99 (k) 10.0032 (e) 15.0122 (y) -326.019 (requirement) -324.983 (in) -326.012 (an) 15.0171 (y) -326.019 (truly) -326.002 (au\055) ] TJ 11.9547 TL T* [ (tonomous) -483.006 (object) -483.001 (disco) 14.9963 (v) 14.9828 (ery) -482.981 (system\056) -1009.01 (Zero\055shot) -482.995 (Learning) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (\050ZSL\051) -318.009 (is) -316.992 (a) -317.99 (learning) -316.989 (paradigm) -318.003 (\13318\054) -318.016 (1\054) -316.999 (34\135) -318.018 (that) -316.991 (tries) -318.013 (to) -318.013 <66756c026c> ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (this) -393.987 (desideratum) -395 (by) -394.003 (le) 25.0179 (v) 14.9828 (eraging) ] TJ /R40 9.9626 Tf 130.429 0 Td (auxiliary) Tj /R28 9.9626 Tf 39.9039 0 Td [ (information) -394.008 (that) ] TJ -170.333 -11.9547 Td [ (may) -401.018 (be) -400.991 (a) 19.9924 (v) 24.9811 (ailable) -401.018 (for) -400.993 (each) -401 (seen\057unseen) -401.009 (class\056) -762.998 (ZSL) -401.009 (mod\055) ] TJ T* [ (els) -392.004 (usually) -393.001 (assume) -391.992 (that) -393.018 (this) -391.987 (information) -392.008 (is) -393.02 (gi) 24.9885 (v) 14.9828 (en) -392.013 (in) -392.981 (form) ] TJ T* [ (of) -249.996 (class) -249.987 (attrib) 20.015 (ute) -249.99 (v) 14.9828 (ectors) -249.991 (or) -249.996 (te) 14.9803 (xtual) -250.017 (descriptions) -249.995 (of) -249.995 (classes\056) ] TJ 11.9547 -11.9551 Td [ (T) 79.9903 (ypical) -217.007 (approaches) -215.997 (tak) 10.0057 (en) -216.982 (by) -217.013 (e) 15.0122 (xisting) -217.02 (ZSL) -215.981 (models) -216.991 (can) -216.986 (be) ] TJ -11.9547 -11.9559 Td [ (roughly) -216.994 (cate) 15.011 (gorized) -217.013 (into) -216.998 (the) -217.995 (follo) 24.9971 (wing\072) -292.983 (\0501\051) -216.986 (Learning) -217.988 (a) -216.988 (map\055) ] TJ T* [ (ping) -224.019 (from) -223.991 (the) -223.994 (instance) -223.985 (space) -224.004 (to) -223.99 (the) -225.014 (class\055attrib) 19.9844 (ute) -223.994 (space) -224.004 (and) ] TJ T* [ (predicting) -244.008 (the) -243.991 (class) -243.987 (of) -243.997 (an) -243.997 (unseen) -243.986 (class) -243.987 (test) -243.981 (instance) -243.981 (by) -243.989 <026e642d> ] TJ T* [ (ing) -233.983 (its) -234.019 (closest) -234.016 (class\055attrib) 19.9844 (ute) -235.012 (v) 14.9828 (ector) -234 (\13318\054) -233.99 (1\135\073) -239.009 (\0502\051) -234.983 <4465026e696e67> -234.005 (the) ] TJ T* [ <636c61737369026572> -312.002 (for) -311.988 (each) -311.996 (unseen) -312.014 (class) -312.015 (as) -313.005 (a) -311.992 (weighted) -312.002 (combination) ] TJ T* [ (of) -339.981 (the) -340.014 <636c6173736902657273> -339.011 (for) -339.984 (the) -340.014 (seen) -340.019 (classes\054) -362.003 (where) -339.987 (the) -340.014 (combina\055) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (tion) -256.011 (weights) -256.007 (are) -256.009 (typically) -256 <6465026e6564> -256.015 (using) -256.987 (similari) 0.98023 (ty) -257.004 (scores) -255.992 (of) ] TJ ET Q 3.98 w 0 G 501.121 906.789 m 1446.11 906.789 l S q 10 0 0 10 0 0 cm BT /R28 5.9776 Tf 1 0 0 1 60.9711 83.8129 Tm (1) Tj /R28 7.9701 Tf 3.48672 -2.81289 Td [ (Equal) -249.994 (contrib) 19.9966 (utions) -249.985 (from) -249.991 (both) -249.99 (authors\056) ] TJ /R28 9.9626 Tf 244.404 487.158 Td [ (unseen) -380.003 (and) -380.01 (seen) -380.013 (class) -380.005 (\13322\054) -380.005 (4\135\054) -412.005 (and) -380.01 (\0503\051) -380.015 (Learning) -380 (a) -380.02 (proba\055) ] TJ 11.9547 TL T* [ (bility) -351 (distrib) 19.9918 (ution) -351.01 (for) -349.983 (each) -351.01 (seen) -351 (class) -350.99 (and) -350.995 (e) 15.0122 (xtrapolating) -350.995 (to) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (unseen) -255.984 (class) -255.006 (distrib) 19.9918 (utions) -256.001 (using) -254.987 (the) -255.987 (class\055attrib) 19.982 (ute) -255.987 (informa\055) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (tion) -274.988 (\13330\054) -273.984 (10\054) -275 (31\135\056) -384.005 (A) -275.01 (more) -273.984 (detailed) -274.993 (discussion) -273.984 (of) -275.013 (the) -275.003 (related) ] TJ T* [ (w) 10 (ork) -287.984 (on) -287.981 (ZSL) -288.008 (is) -288.018 (pro) 14.9852 (vided) -288.011 (in) -288.021 (the) -287.981 (Related) -288.011 (W) 79.9866 (ork) -287.986 (section\056) -423.983 (Al\055) ] TJ T* [ (though) -198.014 (the) -199.018 (af) 1.01209 (orementioned) -198.991 (ZSL) -197.982 (models) -198.016 (ha) 19.9967 (v) 14.9828 (e) -198.011 (sho) 24.9909 (wn) -199.016 (consid\055) ] TJ T* [ (erable) -305.993 (promise) -306 (on) -306.018 (v) 24.9811 (arious) -306.013 (benchmark) -306.013 (datasets\054) -320.986 (a) -305.993 (k) 10.0032 (e) 15.0122 (y) -305.983 (limi\055) ] TJ T* [ (tation) -254.009 (of) -253.994 (most) -254.007 (of) -253.994 (these) -253.007 (models) -254.007 (is) -253.982 (that\054) -254.997 (at) -253.992 (test) -253.982 (time\054) -254.992 (these) -253.987 (are) ] TJ 11.9559 TL T* [ (highly) -289.016 (biased) -288.016 (to) 24.9885 (w) 10 (ards) -289.008 (predicting) -288.981 (the) -287.981 (seen) -289.011 (classes) -288.996 (\1335\135\056) -426.007 (This) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (is) -227.009 (because) -228.004 (the) -227.014 (ZSL) -226.999 (model) -226.996 (is) -227.986 (learned) -226.982 (using) -226.992 (labeled) -227.011 (data) -227.996 (only) ] TJ T* [ (from) -344.011 (the) -344.994 (seen) -344.019 (classes\056) -592.984 (Due) -344.016 (to) -344.991 (this) -343.997 (issue\054) -367.993 (the) -344.011 (ZSL) -345.016 (models) ] TJ T* [ (are) -264.988 (usually) -264.003 (e) 25.0105 (v) 24.9811 (aluated) -265.002 (in) -263.983 (a) -265.02 (restricted) -263.98 (setting) -264.98 (where) -264 (the) -265.005 (train\055) ] TJ T* [ (ing) -280.995 (and) -281.007 (test) -280.995 (classes) -280.019 (are) -280.985 (assumed) -280.987 (to) -281.002 (be) -281.012 (disjoint\054) -288.016 (i\056e\056\054) -289 (the) -281.002 (test) ] TJ T* [ (e) 15.0122 (xamples) -230.013 (only) -228.999 (come) -229.993 (from) -229.991 (the) -229.991 (unseen) -229.006 (classes) -229.986 (and) -229.996 (the) -229.991 (search) ] TJ 11.9559 TL T* [ (space) -275.015 (is) -276.02 (limited) -275.01 (to) -275.981 (the) -275.006 (unseen) -275.978 (classes) -274.998 (only) 64.9941 (\056) -386.989 (The) -275.008 (more) -275.983 (chal\055) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (lenging) -351.01 (setting) -351.985 (where) -351.005 (the) -350.99 (training) -351.01 (and) -352.015 (test) -350.986 (classes) -350.986 (are) -351.99 (not) ] TJ T* [ (disjoint) -213.013 (is) -213.011 (kno) 24.9909 (wn) -213.996 (as) -212.982 (generalized) -213.018 (zero\055shot) -213.009 (learning) -213.984 (\050GZSL\051\054) ] TJ T* [ (and) -313.002 (is) -312.994 (considered) -312.989 (a) -313.012 (more) -312.997 (formidable) -313.021 (problem) -313.021 (setting\056) -499.02 (Re\055) ] TJ T* [ (cent) -202.003 (w) 10 (ork) -203.018 (\1335\054) -202 (34\135) -201.998 (has) -203.018 (sho) 24.9934 (wn) -201.996 (that) -201.991 (the) -203.015 (accuracies) -202.015 (of) -202.006 (most) -202.996 (ZSL) ] TJ T* [ (approaches) -249.993 (drops) -250.02 <7369676e690263616e746c79> -250.017 (in) -249.988 (this) -250.012 (setting\056) ] TJ 11.9551 -16.4309 Td [ (In) -309.005 (this) -308.983 (w) 10 (ork\054) -324.015 (we) -309.99 (tak) 10.0057 (e) -309.012 (a) -309.012 (generati) 24.986 (v) 14.9828 (e) -309.012 (approach) -309.002 (to) -310.017 (the) -308.997 (ZSL) ] TJ -11.9551 -11.9551 Td [ (problem\054) -210.014 (which) -201.011 (naturally) -199.981 (helps) -201.006 (addre) 1.01944 (ss) -201.015 (the) -199.996 (generalized) -200.981 (ZSL) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (problem\056) -531.019 (Our) -323 (approach) -323.98 (is) -324.01 (based) -322.995 (on) -324.015 (a) -323.01 (generati) 24.986 (v) 14.9828 (e) -323.99 (model) -324 (to) ] TJ /R40 9.9626 Tf 11.9547 TL (synthesize) ' /R28 9.9626 Tf 43.1527 0 Td [ (e) 15.0122 (x) 14.9828 (emplars) -276.993 (from) -275.983 (the) -277.003 (unseen) -275.978 (classes) -276.998 (\050and\054) -283.007 (option\055) ] TJ -43.1527 -11.9551 Td [ (ally) 64.9843 (\054) -438.983 (also) -401.016 (from) -400.002 (the) -400.985 (seen) -400.989 (classes\051\054) -439.015 (and) -400.987 (subsequently) -400.982 (train\055) ] TJ T* [ (ing) -233.003 (an) -233.02 (of) 25.0179 (f\055the\055shelf) -233.01 <636c6173736902636174696f6e> -233.01 (model) -232.995 (using) -232.991 (these) -233.01 (synthe\055) ] TJ T* [ (sized) -259.986 (e) 15.0122 (x) 14.9828 (emplars\056) -338 (Our) -259.991 (approach) -259.011 (is) -259.981 (moti) 25.0056 (v) 24.9811 (ated) -259.991 (by) 65.0186 (\054) -261.991 (and) -259.011 (is) -259.981 (sim\055) ] TJ T* [ (ilar) -307.98 (in) -308.015 (spirit) -307.017 (to\054) -322.99 (recent) -307.012 (w) 10 (ork) -307.983 (on) -308.017 (synthesizing) -308.017 (e) 15.0122 (x) 14.9828 (emplars) -308.007 (for) ] TJ 11.9563 TL T* [ (ZSL) -306.005 (\1333\054) -305.983 (10\054) -306.015 (19\054) -306.995 (20\135\054) -320.015 (which) -306.013 (has) -305.983 (sho) 24.9909 (wn) -306.018 (to) -306.018 (lead) -307.003 (to) -306.018 (impro) 15.0024 (v) 14.9828 (ed) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (performance\054) -249.995 (especially) -250.017 (in) -249.988 (the) -249.988 (GZSL) -250.012 (setting\056) ] TJ 11.9551 -16.4297 Td [ (F) 14.9926 (or) -229.998 (e) 15.0122 (x) 14.9828 (emplar) -231.008 (generation\054) -234.02 (we) -230.981 (de) 25.0154 (v) 14.9828 (elop) -229.986 (a) -230.006 (generati) 24.986 (v) 14.9828 (e) -230.986 (model) ] TJ -11.9551 -11.9563 Td [ (based) -374.009 (on) -374.986 (a) ] TJ /R40 9.9626 Tf 48.2609 0 Td (conditional) Tj /R28 9.9626 Tf 49.1301 0 Td [ (v) 24.9811 (ariational) -373.992 (autoencoder) -374.986 (\050V) 134.997 (AE\051) -374.011 (ar) 19.9869 (\055) ] TJ -97.391 -11.9551 Td [ (chitecture\054) -308.995 (in) -296.997 (which) -296.995 (the) -297.982 (latent) -296.99 (code) -297.009 (of) -297.009 (an) 15.0171 (y) -297.004 (instance) -298.009 (i) 0.98513 (s) -297.985 (aug\055) ] TJ T* [ (mented) -429.987 (with) -431.004 (the) -430 (class\055attrib) 19.982 (ute) -429.997 (v) 14.9828 (ector) 55.0104 (\056) -850.99 (This) -431.002 (architecture) ] TJ T* [ (is) -350.008 (further) -350.018 (coupled) -350 (with) -349.998 (a) ] TJ /R40 9.9626 Tf 104.865 0 Td (discriminator) Tj /R28 9.9626 Tf 57.9621 0 Td [ (\050a) -349.991 (multi) 25.0154 (v) 24.9811 (ariate) -349.981 (re\055) ] TJ -162.827 -11.9551 Td [ (gressor\051) -390.986 (that) -391.998 (learns) -390.986 (a) -392.018 (mapping) -390.998 (from) -392.003 (the) -390.984 (V) 135.002 (AE) -392.008 (generator\047) 55.0104 (s) ] TJ T* [ (output) -408.995 (to) -409.998 (the) -408.983 (class\055attrib) 19.982 (ute\056) -788.016 (This) -409.005 (feedback) -408.995 (helps) -409.01 (to) -410 (im\055) ] TJ 11.9559 TL T* [ (pro) 14.9852 (v) 14.9828 (e) -216.008 (the) -215.016 (generator) -216 (by) -215.013 (encouraging) -215.984 (it) -215.988 (to) -215.013 (generate) -216.008 (e) 15.0122 (x) 14.9828 (emplars) ] TJ 11.9551 TL T* [ (that) -276.018 (are) -276.005 (of) -275.991 (highly) -275.998 (discriminati) 24.9909 (v) 14.9828 (e) -277.017 (nature\056) -388.004 (Moreo) 14.9926 (v) 14.9828 (er) 39.9835 (\054) -283.007 (the) -275.983 (dis\055) ] TJ T* [ (criminator) -252.007 (also) -253.002 (allo) 24.9909 (ws) -251.987 (us) -253.004 (to) -251.987 (operate) -253.017 (in) -251.987 (semi\055supervised) -253.012 (set\055) ] TJ T* [ (tings) -244.008 (by) -245.008 (incorporating) -244 (unlabeled) -244.018 (e) 15.0122 (xamples) -244.993 (for) -243.999 (which) -243.984 (we) -245.018 (do) ] TJ -13.741 -29.8879 Td (1) Tj ET Q Q Q q q 1 1 1 rg /a0 gs 48.406 786.422 515.188 -52.699 re f q /s5 gs /x6 Do Q q /s7 gs /x8 Do Q q /s9 gs /x10 Do Q q /s11 gs /x12 Do Q Q Q Q q 1 0 0 1 0 0 cm BT /F1 12 Tf 14.4 TL ET 1 1 1 rg n 270 47 72 14 re f* 0.5 0.5 0.5 rg BT /F2 9 Tf 10.8 TL ET BT 1 0 0 1 297 50 Tm (4281) Tj T* ET Q endstream endobj 14 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Resources << /ExtGState << /a0 << /CA 1 /ca 1 >> >> /XObject << /x18 15 0 R >> >> /Length 28 /Group << /Type /Group /S /Transparency /CS /DeviceRGB /I true >> /BBox [ 78 746 96 765 ] /Type /XObject /Subtype /Form >> stream x+O4PH/VЯ0Pp 0 endstream endobj 15 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Resources 16 0 R /Length 107 /Type /XObject /BBox [ 78 746 96 765 ] /Subtype /Form >> stream xe AC̬wʠ =p,?]%+H-
Jc "82w8VSnGW;"
endstream
endobj
16 0 obj
<<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
>>
endobj
17 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources <<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
/XObject <<
/x15 18 0 R
>>
>>
/Length 28
/Group <<
/Type /Group
/S /Transparency
/CS /DeviceRGB
/I true
>>
/BBox [ 67 752 84 775 ]
/Type /XObject
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
x+O4PH/VЯ04Up
0
endstream
endobj
18 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources 19 0 R
/Length 228
/Type /XObject
/BBox [ 67 752 84 775 ]
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
xeQKn!s ?FPav6R٪TS.
b];15YyR
{7QL.\:Rv/x9l+L7h%1!}i/AI(kz"U&,YO![R hg{3}4/GyYF:!w}Gn+'xJcO9i뽼_-:`
endstream
endobj
19 0 obj
<<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
>>
endobj
20 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources <<
/ExtGState <<
/a0 <<
/CA 1
/ca 1
>>
>>
/XObject <<
/x24 21 0 R
>>
>>
/Length 28
/Group <<
/Type /Group
/S /Transparency
/CS /DeviceRGB
/I true
>>
/BBox [ 132 751 480 772 ]
/Type /XObject
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
x+O4PH/VЯ02Qp
0
endstream
endobj
21 0 obj
<<
/Filter /FlateDecode
/Resources 22 0 R
/Length 53223
/Type /XObject
/BBox [ 132 751 480 772 ]
/Subtype /Form
>>
stream
xtI:6%Q㨈?7rA= u%6 ?Y(WbWo{B>9
x`Znϳ|8{3?0x*z ǃ|,@:w>`c|*ϻⳅKO3`g
:_|}}><.6`Z{{3]#<_o"~:ͺgk7/Ұ@|K yp ]03ʷCmş8˽Y?>(3!Bwqs.Z8,~~=rMT̩y+/*w: uBZ_`ߵp`%M?ɝ1ɳw=vDۉy&xb4Q>d@ sg~lA