Gradient Attention Balance Network: Mitigating Face Recognition Racial Bias via Gradient Attention

Linzhi Huang, Mei Wang, Jiahao Liang, Weihong Deng, Hongzhi Shi, Dongchao Wen, Yingjie Zhang, Jian Zhao; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops, 2023, pp. 38-47

Although face recognition has made impressive progress in recent years, we ignore the racial bias of the recognition system when we pursue a high level of accuracy. Previous work found that for different races, face recognition networks focus on different facial regions, and the sensitive regions of darker-skinned people are much smaller. Based on this discovery, we propose a new de-bias method based on gradient attention, called Gradient Attention Balance Network (GABN). Specifically, we use the gradient attention map (GAM) of the face recognition network to track the sensitive facial regions and make the GAMs of different races tend to be consistent through adversarial learning. This method mitigates the bias by making the network focus on similar facial regions. In addition, we also use masks to erase the Top-N sensitive facial regions, forcing the network to allocate its attention to a larger facial region. This method expands the sensitive region of darker-skinned people and further reduces the gap between GAM of darker-skinned people and GAM of Caucasians. Extensive experiments show that GABN successfully mitigates racial bias in face recognition and learns more balanced performance for people of different races.