Adaptive Bidirectional Displacement for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

Hanyang Chi, Jian Pang, Bingfeng Zhang, Weifeng Liu; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2024, pp. 4070-4080

Consistency learning is a central strategy to tackle unlabeled data in semi-supervised medical image segmentation (SSMIS) which enforces the model to produce consistent predictions under the perturbation. However most current approaches solely focus on utilizing a specific single perturbation which can only cope with limited cases while employing multiple perturbations simultaneously is hard to guarantee the quality of consistency learning. In this paper we propose an Adaptive Bidirectional Displacement (ABD) approach to solve the above challenge. Specifically we first design a bidirectional patch displacement based on reliable prediction confidence for unlabeled data to generate new samples which can effectively suppress uncontrollable regions and still retain the influence of input perturbations. Meanwhile to enforce the model to learn the potentially uncontrollable content a bidirectional displacement operation with inverse confidence is proposed for the labeled images which generates samples with more unreliable information to facilitate model learning. Extensive experiments show that ABD achieves new state-of-the-art performances for SSMIS significantly improving different baselines. Source code is available at https://github.com/chy-upc/ABD.