SD4Match: Learning to Prompt Stable Diffusion Model for Semantic Matching

Xinghui Li, Jingyi Lu, Kai Han, Victor Adrian Prisacariu; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2024, pp. 27558-27568

In this paper we address the challenge of matching semantically similar keypoints across image pairs. Existing research indicates that the intermediate output of the UNet within the Stable Diffusion (SD) can serve as robust image feature maps for such a matching task. We demonstrate that by employing a basic prompt tuning technique the inherent potential of Stable Diffusion can be harnessed resulting in a significant enhancement in accuracy over previous approaches. We further introduce a novel conditional prompting module that conditions the prompt on the local details of the input image pairs leading to a further improvement in performance. We designate our approach as SD4Match short for Stable Diffusion for Semantic Matching. Comprehensive evaluations of SD4Match on the PF-Pascal PF-Willow and SPair-71k datasets show that it sets new benchmarks in accuracy across all these datasets. Particularly SD4Match outperforms the previous state-of-the-art by a margin of 12 percentage points on the challenging SPair-71k dataset. Code is available at the project website: https://sd4match.active.vision.