Flatness Improves Backbone Generalisation in Few-Shot Classification

Rui Li, Martin Trapp, Marcus Klasson, Arno Solin; Proceedings of the Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV), 2025, pp. 1072-1089

Deployment of deep neural networks in real-world settings typically requires adaptation to new tasks with few examples. Few-shot classification (FSC) provides a solution to this problem by leveraging pre-trained backbones for fast adaptation to new classes. However approaches for multi-domain FSC typically result in complex pipelines aimed at information fusion and task-specific adaptation without consideration of the importance of backbone training. In this work we introduce an effective strategy for backbone training and selection in multi-domain FSC by utilizing flatness-aware training and fine-tuning. Our work is theoretically grounded and empirically performs on par or better than state-of-the-art methods despite being simpler. Further our results indicate that backbone training is crucial for good generalisation in FSC across different adaptation methods.