MADTP: Multimodal Alignment-Guided Dynamic Token Pruning for Accelerating Vision-Language Transformer

Jianjian Cao, Peng Ye, Shengze Li, Chong Yu, Yansong Tang, Jiwen Lu, Tao Chen; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2024, pp. 15710-15719

Vision-Language Transformers (VLTs) have shown great success recently but are meanwhile accompanied by heavy computation costs where a major reason can be attributed to the large number of visual and language tokens. Existing token pruning research for compressing VLTs mainly follows a single-modality-based scheme yet ignores the critical role of aligning different modalities for guiding the token pruning process causing the important tokens for one modality to be falsely pruned in another modality branch. Meanwhile existing VLT pruning works also lack the flexibility to dynamically compress each layer based on different input samples. To this end we propose a novel framework named Multimodal Alignment-Guided Dynamic Token Pruning (MADTP) for accelerating various VLTs. Specifically we first introduce a well-designed Multi-modality Alignment Guidance (MAG) module that can align features of the same semantic concept from different modalities to ensure the pruned tokens are less important for all modalities. We further design a novel Dynamic Token Pruning (DTP) module which can adaptively adjust the token compression ratio in each layer based on different input instances. Extensive experiments on various benchmarks demonstrate that MADTP significantly reduces the computational complexity of kinds of multimodal models while preserving competitive performance. Notably when applied to the BLIP model in the NLVR2 dataset MADTP can reduce the GFLOPs by 80% with less than 4% performance degradation.