Divide and Contrast: Self-Supervised Learning From Uncurated Data

Yonglong Tian, Olivier J. Hénaff, Aäron van den Oord; Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV), 2021, pp. 10063-10074

Self-supervised learning holds promise in leveraging large amounts of unlabeled data, however much of its progress has thus far been limited to highly curated pre-training data such as ImageNet. We explore the effects of contrastive learning from larger, less-curated image datasets such as YFCC, and find there is indeed a large difference in the resulting representation quality. We hypothesize that this curation gap is due to a shift in the distribution of image classes---which is more diverse and heavy-tailed---resulting in less relevant negative samples to learn from. We test this hypothesis with a new approach, Divide and Contrast (DnC), which alternates between contrastive learning and clustering-based hard negative mining. When pretrained on less curated datasets, DnC greatly improves the performance of self-supervised learning on downstream tasks, while remaining competitive with the current state-of-the-art on curated datasets.